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Canadian Historic Sites: Occasional Papers in Archaeology and History No. 9
by Edward F. Bush ContentsAbstract Introduction Trinity HouseLighthouse Structure Basic Principles of Lighthouse Design and LocationBritish Structural Design Canadian Tower Construction Apparatus: Lights and Optics The Whale-oil LampParabolic Reflectors: Catoptric Principle Lenses: Dioptric Principle The Coal-oil Lamp The Gas Mantle Revolving Lights and Colour Characteristics Light Characteristics Electrification Fog Alarms Diaphone Apparatus Submarine Signaling Apparatus Radio Administration Lighthouses Along the Atlantic Coast The Louisbourg LighthouseSambro Island McNutt Island Seal Island Bay of Fundy Gannet Rock Machias Seal Island Brier Island St. Paul Island Scatarie Island Newfoundland Fort Amherst Cape Spear Harbour Grace Island Cape Bonavista Cape Pine Cape Race Cape St. Mary's Cape Ray and Channel Head The Gulf, Northumberland Strait and the Lower St. Lawrence Belle IslePoint Amour Bird Rocks Pointe-des-Monts Anticosti Island Point Escuminac Miscou Island Point Prim Cap-des-Rosiers Father Point Green Island Stone Pillar and Red Islet Bicquette Island The Great Lakes Region and the Upper St. Lawrence Lake OntarioMississauga Point Gibraltar Point False Ducks Island Point Petre Nine Mile Point Presqu'lle Burlington Queen's Wharf Port Dalhousie Lake Erie Long Point Pelee Island River Thames Lake Huron Goderich Imperial Towers Killarney Channel Lonely Island Gore Bay and Strawberry Island Lake Superior Quebec Harbour and Porphyry Island Upper St. Lawrence River The Pacific Coast Fisgard IslandRace Rocks Point Atkinson Berens Island and Entrance Island Cape Beale Sand Heads Carmanah Point Brockton Point Cape St. James Triple Island Sub-Arctic Waters: Hudson Strait and Hudson Bay Initial Aids in Hudson StraitRadio Aids Selected Inland Waterways Ottawa RiverLake Nipigon Lake Winnipeg MacKenzie River System Appendix: Regional Agencies and their pre-1880 Lighthouses Endnotes Bibliography Index (omitted from the online edition) Illustrations 1 Harbour light, Western Gap, Toronto Harbour. 2 Drawings of typical lighthouse structures. 3 Cape Bonavista light apparatus. 4 1st Order revalving light, used in major landfall lights. 5 1st Order dioptric revolving light in lantern. 6 Oil lamps used in lighthouses in the 19th century. 7 Flat-wick lamps for coal oil. 8 Oil vapour lights with incandescent mantles. 9 Two types of rotary machines. 10 Occulting apparatus, Machias Seal Island. 11 Mercury vapour electric light. 12 A 300-mm. lantern with mercury vapour light. 13 First steam fog alarm, Saint John Harbour, N.B. 14 Stone Chance electronic fog alarm. 15 Early diaphone fog alarm, 1904 16 Louisbourg lighthouse. 17 Lantern and light apparatus, Louisbourg lighthouse. 18 Drawings of Louisbourg lighthouse. 19 Sambro Island lighthouse. 20 East Ironbound lighthouse. 21 Seal Island lighthouse. 22 Yarmouth or Cape Fourchu lighthouse. 23 Typical harbour light, Dalhousie, N.B. 24 Gannet Rock lighthouse. 25 Grand Harbour lighthouse, Grand Manan Island. 26 Walton Harbour lighthouse. 27 St. Paul Island lighthouse. 28 St. Paul Island, southwest point. 29 Fort Amherst lighthouse. 30 Cape Spear lighthouse. 31 Trinity North lighthouse, Newfoundland. 32 Cape Bonavista lighthouse. 33 Cape Pine lighthouse. 34 Cape Race lighthouse. 35 Rose Blanche lighthouse, Newfoundland. 36 Channel Head lighthouse. 37 Belle Isle lighthouse, north end lighthouse. 38 Belle Isle, south end, upper. 39 Belle Isle, south end, lower lighthouse. 40 Point Amour lighthouse. 41 Bird Rocks lighthouse, Gulf of St. Lawrence. 42 Landing stage and trestle, Bird Rocks Island. 43 Bird Rocks lighthouse. 44 Pointe-des-Monts lighthouse. 45 Cap Chat lighthouse. 46 Anticosti Island, Southwest Point. 47 Mark Point lighthouse. 48 Blockhouse Point lighthouse. 49 West Point lighthouse, P.E.I. 50 Cap-des-Rosiers lighthouse. 51 Cap-des-Rosiers lighthouse. 52 Red Islet lighthouse, built in 1848. 53 Mississauga lighthouse. 54 Mississauga Point lighthouse. 55 Gibraltar Point lighthouse. 56 Gibraltar Point lighthouse. 57 False Ducks Island lighthouse. 58 Presqu'lle lighthouse. 59 Burlington lighthouse. 60 Queen's Wharf lighthouse. 61 Former lighthouse near Long Point Bay, Lake Erie. 62 Plan of Point Pelee lighthouse, 1858. 63 River Thames range light. 64 Goderich lighthouse. 65 Point Clark lighthouse. 66 Southampton Harbour lighthouse. 67 Cove Island lighthouse. 68 Nottawasaga Island lighthouse. 69 Griffith Island lighthouse. 70 Red Rock Point lighthouse. 71 Clapperton Island lighthouse. 72 Kincardine range light. 73 Gore Bay lighthouse, Manitoulin Island. 74 Strawherry Island lighthouse. 75 Quebec Harbour lighthouse, Lake Superior. 76 Windmill Point lighthouse. 77 Fisgard Island lighthouse. 78 Race Rocks lighthouse. 79 Point Atkinson lighthouse. 80 Entrance Island lighthouse. 81 Triple Island lighthouse. 82 Brockton Point lighthouse, Vancouver Harbour. 83 Deep River Islet lighthouse, Ottawa River. 84 Arnprior Island lighthouse. 85 Morris Island lighthouse. 86 Killarney East range light. B7 Lighthouseson the Atlantic Coast. 88 Lighthouses in the Great Lakes region and the upper St. Lawrence. 89 West Coast lighthouses. 90 Lights in sub-Arctic waters.
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