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Canadian Historic Sites: Occasional Papers in Archaeology and History No. 18
by Blaine Adams EndnotesAbstract 1 Paris, Archives Nationales, Archives des Colonies (hereafter cited as AN), B, Vol. 96, fol. 312, Rouillé to Le Normant, 30 August 1752.
1 AN, C11B, Vol. 38, fols. 38-41, Prévost to War Council, 26 July 1758. 2 See Appendix B: One of the interesting facts to emerge from this research is that the term "Chateau St. Louis" was not a contemporary term: it first appeared in McLennan's Louisbourg From Its Foundation to Its Fall (1969) and was adopted by the reconstruction project when work first began, but no historical evidence has yet been found for the name. The building itself was occasionally called "Château," and the chapel in it was the "Chapelle St. Louis": a combination of these probably produced the name "Chateau St. Louis." 3 André Eugéne Navereau, Le Logement et les ustensiles des gens de guerre de 1439 à 1789 (Poitiers: Société Française d'imprimerie, 1924), pp. 95-131. 4 Donald Fraser McQuat, "Military Policy and Organization in New France," M.A. Thesis, McGill University, 1947, pp. 164-76; Gustave Lanctot, "Les troupes de laNouvelle France," Canadian Historical Association, Report of the Annual Meeting (May 1926), pp. 40-60. 5 AN, C11B, Vol. 5, fol. 83(v), Letters of Saint-Ovide and de Mézy, 20 August 1720; ibid., Vol. 2, fols. 61-8, de Mézy to Minister, 4 December 1730; ibid., Vol. 30, fols. 203-5, Prévost to Minister, 29 July 1751. 6 An ordinance in 1719 had attempted to do this but encountered so many difficulties that it was withdrawn in 1724: A. de La Chesnay des Bois, Dictionnaire Militaire ou Recueil Alphabétique de tous les termes propres à L'Art de la Guerre (Lausanne, 1743), p. 121. 7 AN, C11B, Vol. 4, fols. 278-82, "Marché du Sr. Isabeau," 7 March 1719. 8 Ibid., Vol. 19, fols. 176-188(v), "Marché pour les fortifications de la ville de Louisbourg," 10 May 1737. 9 Ibid., Vol. 4, fols. 66-8, Council letter of de Verville, 24 January 1719. 10 Ibid. 11 Ibid., Vol. 6, fols. 310-11(v), Vall ve, "Remarques sur les Travaux," 27 Decembre 1723. 12 Ibid., Vol. 8, fol. 167, Ganet to Minister, 12 November 1726. 13 Ibid., Vol. 4, fols. 237-41, de Verville to Minister, 10 August 1719. 14 Ibid., Vol. 8, fols. 55-64(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 20 November 1726. 15 Ibid., Vol. 5, fols. 378-84, Saint-Ovide to Minister, 29 November 1721. 16 Ibid., Vol. 3, fols. 12-3, Council, (Letter of Soubras), 1 April 1718. 17 AN, B, Vol. 40(2), fols. 548, "Mémoire du Roy à Saint-Ovide," 18 July 1718. 18 AN, F3, fols. 193-226, "Devis et condition des ouvrages que le Roy a ordonné de faire Executer au port de Louisbourg," 10 June 1718. 19 AN, C11B, Vol. 4, fols. 280(v), "Marché du Sr. Isabeau," 7 March 1719; ibid., Vol. 4, fol. 13, Saint-Ovide and de Mézy to Council, 1 December 1719. 20 AN, B, Vol. 40 (2), fols. 537-8(v), "Mémoire du Roy au Sujet des fortifications de l'Isle Royale," 28 June 1718. 21 AN, C11B, Vol. 4, fols. 278-82, "Marché du Sr. Isabeau," 7 March 1719. 22 Ibid., Vol. 4, fols. 66-8, Council, letter of de Verville, 24 January 1719. 23 Ibid., fols. 235-6, de Verville to Minister, 10 August 1719. 24 AN, B, Vol. 42 (2), fols. 468-468(v), "Mémoire du Conseil à Comte d'Agrain," 4 February 1720. 25 AN, C11B, Vol. 5, fols. 60-60(v), Council, letter of de Mézy, 13 August 1720. 26 Ibid., Vol. 7, fol. 349, Ganet to Minister, 18 December 1725. 27 Ibid., Vol. 6, fol. 192, "Etat des Ouvriers," May, June 1720. 28 Ibid., fols. 116-7(v), de Verville to Minister (at l'Isle d'Aix), 20 September 1722. 29 Ibid., fol. 235(v), de Mézy to Minister, 24 November 1723. 30 Ibid., Vol. 7, fols. 156-156(v), de Verville, "Etat des Ouvriers," September 1724.
1 Dictionary of Canadian Biography (Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press, 1969), Vol. 2, s.v. "Jean-François do Verville." 2 AN, C11B, Vol. 2, fols. 119-119(v), de Verville to Minister, 27 April 1718; Paris, Archives de la Guerre, Comité Technique du Génie, (hereafter cited as CTG), Archives, Art. 14, carton no. 9, de Verville, "Remarques sur l'arrivée," 1717. 3 AN, B, Vol. 40 (2), fols. 556-556(v), "Mémoire du Roi à Saint-Ovide et de Mézy," 18 July 1718. 4 AN, C11B, Vol. 3, fols. 76-91, Saint-Ovide and Soubras to Council, 9 January 1719. 5 Ibid., Vol. 4, fols. 150-62, Saint-Ovide to Council, 4 January 1719: ibid., fols. 39-45, Council, letter of Soubras, 1 April 1719. 6 Ibid., fols. 107-8(v), de Verville to Council, July 1719. 7 Ibid., fols. 120-3(v), Mémoire du Roi, 10 July 1719. 8 Among the papers found after his sister's death were 44 contracts he had made with various individuals; AN, G2, Vol. 180, fols. 617-46, Planton Inventory; AN, C11B, Vol. 2, fols. 163-184(v), Saint-Ovide and Soubras to Council, 13 November 1717. 9 AN, C11B, Vol. 4, fols. 248-9, Isabeau to Council, 22 October 1719. 10 Ibid., Vol. 5, fols. 166-70, Saint-Ovide to Council, 22 June 1720; ibid., Vol. 4, fol. 214, de Mézy to Council, 10 November 1719. 11 Ibid., fols. 211-213, Saint-Ovide to Council, 28 November 1719. 12 Ibid., fols. 237-41, de Verville to Council, 19 November 1719. 13 Ibid., fols. 244-244(v), de Verville to Council, 29 November 1719. 14 Ibid., Vol. 5, fols. 116-8, Council letters of Saint-Ovide and de Verville, 20 April 1720. 15 CTG, Archives, Art. 14, Carton 1, no. 7, de Verville, "Remarques sur les avantages," 1717. 16 AN, C11B, Vol. 4, fols. 120-3, "Mémoire du Roi," 10 July 1719. 17 Pers. com., Walker to Larrabee, March 24, 1965, and Photo G3398, Fortress of Louisbourg collections. 18 AN, C11B, Vol. 9, fol. 238, Verrier, "Toisé Provisionel," 15 November 1727; A French pied equals 1.066 feet. There are 12 pouces in a pied and six pieds in a toise. 19 Ibid., Vol. 5, fols. 159-60, Saint-Ovide to Council, 20 June 1720. 20 Ibid., fol. 236, de Verville to Council, 19 June 1720. 21 Ibid., fols. 235-7, de Verville to Council, 19 June 1720. 22 Ibid., fols. 159-60, Saint-Ovide to Council, 20 June 1720. 23 Ibid., fols. 275-6, Isabeau to Council, 20 June 1720. 24 Ibid., fol. 236, de Verville to Council, 9 October 1720. 25 Ibid., fols. 235-7, de Verville to Council, 19 June 1720. 26 Ibid., fols. 275-6, Isabeau to Council, 20 June 1720. 27 Ibid., fols. 233-233(v), de Verville to Council, 19 June 1720. 28 Ibid., fol. 59, de Mézy to Council, 17 June 1720. 29 Ibid., fols. 166-7, Saint-Ovide to Council, 22 June 1720. 30 Ibid., Vol. 4, fols. 245-245(v), de Verville to Council, 1 December 1719; ibid., fol. 246, de Boze to Council, 23 April 1720. 31 Ibid., Vol. 5, fols. 206-7, Saint-Ovide to Council, 11 November 1720. 32 Ibid., Vol. 4, fol. 245, Saint-Ovide and de Mézy to Council, 1 December 1719; James H. Howard, "Report of Find of Medals, King's Bastion." Manuscript on file, National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, Parks Canada, Louisbourg, 1962. 33 An, C11B, Vol. 5, fols. 138(v)-139, Saint-Ovide and de Mézy to Council, 10 November 1720. 34 Ibid., fols. 206-7, Saint-Ovide to Council, 11 November 1720. 35 Ibid., fol. 232, de Verville to Council, 11 November 1720. 36 Ibid., fols. 202-5, Saint-Ovide to Council, 11 November 1720. 37 Ibid., fols. 218-9, Saint-Ovide to Council, 20 November 1720. 38 AN, B, Vol. 42(1), fol. 196, Council to Pommarois, 2 July 1720. 39 AN, C11B, Vol. 5, fols. 177-9, "Mémoire du Roy au sujet des Fortifications de L'Isle Royale," 9 July 1720. 40 Ibid., fols. 238-240(v), de Verville to Council, 9 October 1720. 41 Ibid., fols. 202-5, Saint-Ovide to Council, 11 November 1720. 42 Ibid., fols. 418-9, Isabeau to Council, 27 November 1720. 43 AN, B, Vol. 44(1), fol. 166, "Noms et Professions des ouvriers engagés pendant 3 années pour travailler aux fortifications de L'Isle Royale," 4 June 1721. 44 AN, C11B, Vol. 5, fols. 349-56, "Mémoire du Roy à Saint-Ovide et de Mézy," 20 June 172l. 45 Ibid., fols. 374-7, Saint-Ovide to Council, 28 November 1721. 46 Ibid., fols. 378-84, Saint-Ovide to Council, 29 November 1721. 47 AN, B, Vol. 45(2), fols. 1130, Council to Saint-Ovide, 13 May 1722. 48 AN, F3, Vol. 51, fol. 208, "Devis et Conditions des Ouvrages que le Roy a ordonné de faire exécuter au port de Louisbourg, 1718," 10 June 1718. 49 AN, C11B, Vol. 5, fol. 351(v), "Mémoire du Roi au Sr. de Saint-Ovide," 20 June 1721. 50 Ibid., fol. 414(v), de Verville to Council, 5 October 1721. 51 Ibid. 52 Ibid., fols. 378-84, Saint-Ovide to Council, 29 November 1721. 53 AN, B, Vol. 45(2), fol. 1120, Council to de Verville, 13 May 1722. 54 Ibid., fol. 1123(v) and 1131(v), Council to de Mézy and to Saint-Ovide, 13 May 1722. 55 AN, C11B, Vol. 6, fols. 114-5(v), de Verville to Council, 1 August 1722. 56 Ibid., fols. 116-7(v), de Verville to Council, 20 September 1722. 57 Ibid., fol. 99, Bourville to Council, 5 December 1722. 58 Ibid., Vol. 5, fols. 374-7, Saint-Ovide to Council, 28 November 1721. 59 Ibid., Vol. 6, fols. 174-5(v), Saint-Ovide to Council, 10 December 1723. 60 Ibid., fols. 294-4(v), de Verville to Minister, 14 August 1723. 61 Ibid., fol. 322, Boucher to Minister, 1 November 1723. 62 Ibid., fols. 182-6, Saint-Ovide to Minister, 22 November 1723. 63 Ibid., fols. 199-204(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 26 November 1723. 64 Ibid., fols. 152-62(v), Saint-Ovide to de Mézy, 29 December 1723. 65 Ibid., fols. 310-310(v) & 327-8(v) [Vallée], "Remarques sur les travaux de Louisbourg" [18 November 1723]. 66 AN, B, Vol. 46, fols. 97, Minister to Gaudion, 18 April 1724. 67 Ibid., Vol. 47, fols. 1241-2, Minister to de Verville, 9 May 1724. 68 Dictionary of Canadian Biography, (Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press, 1969), Vol. 2, s.v. "Jean-François de Verville." 69 AN, B, Vol. 46, fol. 488, Minister to Beauharnois, 23 May 1724. 70 AN, C11B, Vol. 7, fol. 135, Verrier to Minister, 2 August 1724. 71 Ibid., fols. 136-7(v), Verrier to Minister, 17 November 1724. 72 Ibid., fols. 59-65(v), de Mézy to Minister, 22 November 1724. 73 Ibid., fols. 142-50, de Verville, "Mémoire des contestations qui ont causé dans l'Exécution des ouvrages un retardement considérable," 1724. 74 AN, B, Vol. 48(2), fol. 926, Minister to Saint-Ovide and de Mézy, 1 May 1725. 75 AN, C11B, Vol. 6, fols. 185-185(v), Saint-Ovide, 22 November 1723. 76 Ibid., Vol. 7, fols. 197-197(v), Saint-Ovide, 17 December 1725. 77 Ibid., fols. 261-6(v), de Mézy to Minister, 3 December 1725. 78 AN, E, Vol. 9, fol. 9, Dossier d'Arrigrand, letter to Minister, n.d. 79 AN, B, Vol. 48(2), fol. 927, Minister to Saint-Ovide and de Mézy, 1 May 1725. 80 AN, C11B, Vol. 8, fols. 226-8(v), Ganet to Minister, 30 April 1725. 81 AN, B, Vol. 48(2), fol. 923, Minister to Saint-Ovide and de Mézy, 1 May 1725. 82 Ibid., fols. 927-8, Minister to Saint-Ovide and de Mézy, 1 May 1725. 83 AN, C11B, Vol. 7, fols. 342-7, Ganet to Minister, 10 November 1725. 84 Ibid., fols. 368-9(v), Arnold Isabeau, 1725. 85 Ibid., Vol. 9, fols. 180-91, Verrier, Toisé, 1 November 1727. 86 Ibid., Vol. 12, fols. 122-43 and 145-4, Verrier, Toisé General, 1 September 1731. 87 AN, B, Vol. 48, fol. 303, Minister to Beauharnois, 13 February 1725; France. Archives Maritimes, Port de Rochefort, 1E, liasse 354, fol. 76, Beauharnois to Minister, 22 February 1725. 88 AN, C11B, Vol.7, fol. 326, Verrier to Minister, 13 November 1725. 89 Ibid., Vol. 27, fols. 315-8, "Mémoire concernant les ouvrages, [1727]. 90 Ibid., Vol. 7, fols. 342-7 and 371, 27 November 1725, Ganet to Minister, 10 November 1725. 91 Ibid., fols. 370-2, Ganet to Minister, 27 November 1725. 92 Ibid., fols. 185, 190, Saint-Ovide to Minister, 14 November 1725. 93 Ibid., fols. 328-2, Verrier to Minister, 16 December 1725. 94 Ibid., fols. 264-264(v), de Mézy to Maurepas, 3 December 1725. 95 Ibid., fols. 348-348(v), Ganet to Minister, 18 December 1725. 96 Ibid., fols. 357-60, Ganet to Minister, 18 December 1725. 97 Ibid., fols. 194-7(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 17 December 1725. 98 AN, B, Vol. 49(2), fol. 697(v), Minister to Ganet, 28 May 1726. 99 Ibid., fols. 707-8(v), Minister to Saint-Ovide and de Mézy, 28 May 1726. 100 Ibid., fols. 708(v)-10, Minister to Verrier, 28 May 1726. 101 AN, C11 B, Vol. 8, fols. 115-21(v), Verrier to Minister, 1 December 1726. 102 Ibid., fols. 71-5, Saint-Ovide to Minister, 28 November 1726. 103 AN, B, Vol. 49(2), fol. 701(v), Minister to Verrier, 28 May 1726. 104 AN, C11B, Vol. 8, fols. 111-3, Verrier to Minister, 10 November 1726. 105 Ibid., fol. 23, Saint-Ovide and de Mézy to Minister, 1 December 1726. 106 Ibid., fols. 13(v)-14(v), Saint-Ovide and de Mézy to Minister, 28 November 1726. 107 Ibid., fols. 71-5, Saint-Ovide and de Mézy to Minister, 1 December 1726. 108 Ibid. 109 Ibid., fols. 115-21(v), Verrier to Minister, 1 December 1726. 110 AN, B, 50(2), fols. 577-8, Minister to Saint-Ovide and de Mézy, 10 June 1727. 111 AN, C11B, Vol. 8, fol. 225, "Prix des ouvrages . . .," no date or signature. 112 Ibid., Vol. 9, fols. 180-249, Toisé signed by Verrier, 1 November 1727. 113 AN, B, Vol. 50(2), fols. 595-7, Minister to Verrier, 10 June 1727. 114 AN, C11B, Vol. 9, fol. 142, Verrier to Minister, 17 November 1727; ibid., fol. 150, Verrier to Minister, 9 December 1727. 115 Ibid., Vol. 21, fols. 90-1, de Forant to Minister, 23 December 1729; ibid., Vol. 9, 141-7(v), Verrier to Minister, 17 November 1727. 116 Ibid., Vol. 9, fol. 32(v), Saint-Ovide and de Mézy, 26 November 1727. 117 Ibid., fols. 60-3(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 19 November 1727. 118 Ibid., Vol. 7, fols. 328-32, Verrier to Minister, 16 December 1725. 119 Ibid., Vol. 9, fols. 93-9, de Mézy to Minister, 24 November 1727; see Fig. 8 drawn before the 25 dormers were eliminated. 120 AN, E, Vol. 9, fol. 11, Dossier d'Arrigrand, letter to Minister, n.d. 121 AN, C11B, Vol. 26, fols. 315-315(v), Saint-Ovide, 1727. 122 Ibid., Vol. 9, fols. 150-150(v), Verrier to Minister, 9 December 1727. 123 Ibid., fol. 152, Verrier to Minister, 17 November 1727. 124 AN, B, Vol. 52(2), fols. 568-9(v), Minister to Verrier, 24 February 1728. 125 Ibid., fol. 596(v), Minister to Saint-Ovide and de Mézy, 23 June 1728. 126 AN, C11B, Vol. 10, fols. 53-53(v), Saint-Ovide and de Mézy to Minister, 3 November 1728. 127 Ibid., fol. 110(v), de Mézy to Minister, 22 November 1728. 128 Ibid., fol. 224(v), Verrier to Minister, 30 April 1729. 129 Ibid., fol. 101(v), de Mézy to Minister, 14 November 1728; ibid., fol. 135, Verrier to Minister, 13 November 1728. 130 Ibid., fol. 222(v), Verrier to Minister, 30 April 1729. 131 Ibid., fol. 134(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 12 November 1728. 132 Ibid., fols. 89-94(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 12 November 1728. 133 Ibid., fols. 242-5, Verrier to Minister, 18 December 1729. 134 AN, G2, Vol. 180, fol. 630, de Becque to de Mézy, 15 July 1729. 135 Ibid., fols. 647-80, Planton Inventory, 3 January 1731. 136 AN, B, Vol. 53, fols. 588(v)-90(v), Minister to Saint-Ovide and de Mézy, 22 May 1729. 137 AN, C11B, Vol. 11, fols. 82-82(v), Verrier to Minister, 26 March 1730. 138 AN, B, Vol. 54(2), fol. 502(v), Minister to Saint-Ovide and de Mézy, 20 June 1730. 139 AN, C11B, Vol. 11, fols. 90-1, Sabatier and Degoutin to Minister, 22 June 1730. 140 Ibid., Vol. 10, fol. 77, Verrier to Minister, 2 December 1730. 141 AN, E, Vol. 9, fol. 11, Dossier d'Arrigrand, letter to Minister, n.d. 142 AN, C11B, Vol. 12, fol. 102(v), Verrier to Minister, 23 May 1731. 143 Ibid., fol. 51(v), Le Normant to Minister, 21 May 1731. 144 Ibid., fol. 40(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 25 November 1731. 145 Ibid., fol. 105(v), Verrier to Minister, 29 November 1731. 146 Ibid., fols. 60-1(v), Le Becque, 28 November 1731. 147 Ibid., Vol. 14, fols. 43-50, Saint-Ovide and Le Normant to Minister, 13 October 1733. 148 AN, B, Vol. 53, fol. 583(v), Minister to Le Normant, 1 May 1729. 149 Ibid., Vol. 59(2), fols. 532(v)-3, Minister to Saint-Ovide, 2 June 1733. 150 Ibid., Vol. 57(2), fol. 748, Minister to Saint-Ovide, 19 June 1732. 151 AN, C11B, Vol. 16, fol. 185(v), Verrier to Minister, 6 November 1734; AN, B, Vol. 63, fol. 537(v), Verrier to Saint-Ovide and Le Nommant, 25 April 1735. 152 AN, C11B, Vol. 20, fols. 24-30(v), Saint-Ovide and Le Normant to Minister, 15 November 1732. 153 Ibid., Vol. 13, fols. 64-6(v), Le Normant to Minister, 3 November 1732. 154 AN, B, Vol. 59(2), fol. 588, Minister to Verrier, 2 June 1733. 155 AN, C11B, Vol. 13, fols. 247-255(v), Desmarest, "Liste des Batiments Anglais," 15 November 1732. 156 Ibid., Vol. 12, 265(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 15 November 1732. 157 Ibid., Vol. 14, fols. 300-1(v), Verrier to Minister, 23 October 1733. 158 Ibid., Vol. 13, fol. 200(v), Verrier to Minister, 16 November 1732. 159 Ibid., Vol. 15, fols. 117-8, Saint-Ovide to Minister, 2 January 1734. 160 Ibid., Vol. 14, fol. 220(v), Le Normant to Minister, 19 October 1733. 161 Ibid., Vol. 16, fol. 10, Sabatier to Minister, 28 December 1734. 162 AN, G1, Vol. 406, fol. 56, Parish Records, 31 March 1735. 163 AN, C11B, Vol. 18, fol. 44(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 30 October 1736. 164 Ibid., fol. 292, Sabatier to Minister, 6 November 1736. 165 AN, F3, Vol. 50, fol. 223, Minister to Saint-Ovide and de Mézy (extract), 29 April 1738. 166 AN, C11B, Vol. 18, fol. 276, Verrier to Minister, 10 November 1736. 167 Ibid., Vol. 21, fols. 277-8, "Mémoire pour les ouvrages fait et à faire," [1739]. 168 Ibid., Vol. 19, fol. 236-236(v), Verrier to Minister, 30 October 1737. 169 Ibid., Vol. 21, fol. 179(v), Sabatier to Minister, 12 November 1739. 170 Ibid., Vol. 20, fol. 222(v), Verrier to Minister, 2 January 1738. 171 Ibid., Vol. 18, fol. 103, "Etat de comparison des prix," 14 November 1736. 172 AN, E, Vol. 9, fol. 11(17), Dossier d'Arrigrand, letter to Minister, n.d. 173 AN, C11B, Vol. 19, fol. 176, "Marché Muiron," 10 May 1737. 174 Ibid., Vol. 18, fols. 365-79(v), "Marchés sur la signature de Verrier et Sabatier," 25 October 1736. 175 Ibid., fols. 129-30, "Etat de la serrurerie," 2 November 1736; ibid., fols. 224-5, "Etat de la menuiserie," 2 November 1736. 176 Ibid., Vol. 21, fols. 290-1, Saint-Ovide to Minister, 4 April 1739. 177 Guy Fregault, François Bigot, administrateur français (Montreal: L'Institut d'histoire de l'Amérique français, 1948), p. 106. 178 AN, C11B, Vol. 21, fol. 63, de Forant to Minister, 14 November 1739. 179 Ibid., fol. 268, Verrier to Minister, 19 December 1739. 180 Ibid., fol. 90, de Forant to Minister, 23 December 1739. 181 Ibid., Vol. 23, fols. 195-195(v), Verrier to Minister, 26 October 1741. 182 AN, B, Vol. 74, fol. 558(v), Minister to Dusquesnel and Bigot. 183 AN, C11B, Vol. 22, fol. 61, Bourville and Bigot to Minister, 25 October 1740; ibid., Vol. 24, fol. 175, "Etat des vivres, 11 October 1741. 184 Ibid., Vol. 23, fol. 89, Bigot to Minister, 15 October 1741; ibid., Vol. 24, fol. 144, Dusquesnel and Bigot to Minister, 20 September 1742; ibid., Vol. 25, fols. 149-56, Bigot to Minister, 21 November 1743; ibid., Vol. 26, fol. 118, Bigot to Minister, 13 November 1744. 185 AN, DFC, ordonnance 203, "Etat de la dépense ...," 30 October 1744. 186 AN, C11B, Vol. 26, fol. 118(v), Bigot to Minister, 13 November 1744. 187 Nova Scotia A28, 29 January 1747, pp. 2, 5, 6, William Pepperrell, Colonial Office Records. 188 Ibid., Hopson, A34, 12 July 1749, pp. 158-9. 189 John Fortier, "Supplementary Report on the Chateau." Manuscript on file, National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, Parks Canada, Louisbourg, 1964. 190 AN, C11B, Vol. 28, fol. 300(v), Boucher to Minister, 24 July 1749. 191 Ibid., fols. 316-8, "Estimation des réparations ...," 30 August 1749. 192 Ibid., fols. 339-41(v), "Etat des réparations ...," 31 December 1749. 193 AN, B, Vol. 97, fol. 294(2), Minister to Raymond and Prévost 13 April 1753; AN, C11B, Vol. 33, fol. 43, Franquet and Prévost to Minister, 2 October 1753. 194 Ibid., Vol. 29, fols. 276-82, "Etat des réparations ...," 31 December 1750. 195 Ibid., Vol. 33, fol. 242, Prévost to Minister, 13 December 1752. 196 Ibid., Vol. 31, fols. 118-9, Boucher to Minister, 20 November 1751. 197 Paris. Archives de la Guerre, Service historique de l'armée, Al, Vol. 3393, fol. 45, Raymond to Minister, 18 June 1752. 198 AN, C11B, Vol. 33, fol. 228(v), Franquet, "Etat Général des Pavillions," 9 October 1753. 199 Ibid., Vol. 35, fol. 271(v), Franquet to Minister, 8 June 1755. 200 Ibid., Vol. 38, fol. 86, Drucour to Minister, 22 July 1758. 201 Colonial Office 5, 13 August 1758, Vol. 53, fol. 152. 202 Fauché de Saint-Maurice, "Souvenirs du Cap Breton," Revue des deux Frances, Vol. 1 (October 1897), pp. 14-20. 203 Wayne Foster, "Post-Occupational History of the Old French Town of Louisbourg, 1760-1930." Manuscript on file, National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, Parks Canada, Louisbourg, 1965, p. 77. 204 Ibid., p. 97 205 Ibid., p. 99.
1 AN, D2C, Vol. 47, fol. 328, "Extrait des sept compagnies," 22 November 1719. 2 AN, C11B, Vol. 4, fols. 278-82, Notary, "Marché d'Isabeau," 7 March 1719. 3 Ibid., Vol. 5, fol. 233, de Verville to Council, 19 June 1720. 4 Ibid., Vol. 7, fols. 59-65(v), de Mézy to Council, 22 November 1722. 5 Ibid., Vol. 5, fols. 72(v)-3, Council to de Mézy and Saint-Ovide, 13 August 1720. 6 AN, B, Vol. 45(2), fol. 1125, Council to de Mézy, 13 May 1722. 7 AN, C11B, Vol. 6, fols. 239(v)-40(v), de Mézy to Council, 24 November 1723. 8 Ibid., fol. 196(v), Saint-Ovide to Council, 24 November 1723. 9 Ibid., Vol. 7, fols. 7(v)-8(v), "Mémoire du Roi," 9 May 1724. 10 Ibid., Vol. 8, fol. 14(v), Saint-Ovide and de Mézy to Minister, 28 November 1726. 11 Ibid., Vol. 7, fol. 62(v), de Mézy to Minister, 22 November 1724. 12 Ibid., Vol. 9, fol. 142(v), Verrier to Minister, 17 November 1727. 13 Ibid., Vol. 12, fol. 40(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 25 November 1731. 14 Ibid., Vol. 13, fols. 28(v)-9, de Mézy to Minister, 4 June 1732. 15 AN, B, Vol 57(2), fol. 746(v), Minister to Saint-Ovide, 19 June 1732. 16 AN, C11 B, Vol. 13, fol. 200(v), Verrier to Minister, 16 November 1732. 17 AN, B, Vol. 59(2), fols. 530-530(v), Minister to Saint-Ovide and Le Normant, 26 May 1733. 18 AN, C11B, Vol. 14, fol. 145, Le Normant to Minister, 10 October 1733. 19 Ibid., fol. 300, Verrier to Minister, 23 October 1733. 20 Ibid., Vol. 16, fol. 186(v), Verrier to Minister, 6 November 1734. 21 AN, B, Vol. 63, fol. 537(v), Minister to Saint-Ovide and Le Normant, 25 March 1735. 22 AN, C11B, Vol. 17, fols. 255(v)-6, Verrier to Minister, 28 October 1735. 23 Ibid., Vol. 18, fol. 44(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 30 October 1736. 24 Ibid., Vol. 20, fol. 143, Le Normant to Minister, 4 November 1738. 25 Ibid., Vol. 18, fols. 129-30, "Etat de la sérrurerie," 2 November 1736; ibid., fols. 224-5, and Fig. 10. 26 Ibid., Vol. 6, fols. 99-100(v), Bourville to Council, 5 December 1722. 27 AN, D2C, Vol. 47, "Etat des troupes," 1 August 1722. 28 AN, B, Vol. 45(2), fol. 1131(v), Council to Saint-Ovide, 13 May 1722. 29 AN, C11B, Vol. 6, fols. 174(v)-5, Saint-Ovide to Council, 12 October 1723. 30 Ibid., Vol. 7, fol. 76(v), Beaucours to Minister, 1 August 1724. 31 Ibid., fol. 196, Saint-Ovide to Minister, 17 December 1725. 32 Ibid., Vol. 8, fol. 14(v), Saint-Ovide and de Mézy to Minister, 28 November 1726. 33 Ibid., Vol. 27, fol. 315(v), Saint-Ovide, "Mémoire concernant les ouvrages faits pour le Roy jusqu'à ce jour," [1727]. 34 Ibid., Vol. 10, fol. 134(v), Verrier to Minister, 13 November 1728. 35 Ibid., Vol. 6, fols. 99-100(v), Bourville to Council, 5 December 1722. 36 Ibid., Vol. 8, fol. 14(v), Saint-Ovide and de Mézy to Minister, 28 November 1726. 37 Ibid., Vol. 33, fols. 221-34(v), "Etat des personnes," 9 October 1753. 38 Ibid., Vol. 5, fols. 139, Saint-Ovide and de Mézy to Council, 10 November 1720. 39 Ibid., Vol. 7, fol. 208(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 21 December 1725. 40 Ibid., Vol. 8, fol. 60(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 20 November 1726. 41 Ibid., Vol. 7, fols. 120-1, "Extrait des Etats de la Recette et Dépense," 25 November 1724. 42 Ibid., Vol. 9, fol. 162(v), "Toisé des ouvrages ...," 4 May 1727. 43 Ibid., Vol. 18, fol. 182(v), "Etat de la dépense," 1 May 1736. 44 AN, B, Vol. 50(2), fol. 596(v), Minister to Verrier, 10 June 1727. 45 AN, C11B, Vol. 9, fol. 144, Sabatier to Minister, 17 November 1727. 46 Ibid., Vol. 10, fol. 110(v), de Mézy to Minister, 22 November 1728. 47 Ibid., fol. 224, Sabatier to Minister, 30 April 1729. 48 Ibid., Vol. 13, fol. 201(v), Verrier to Minister, 16 November 1732. 49 Ibid., Vol. 17, fol. 19(v), Saint-Ovide and Le Normant to Minister, 28 October 1735. 50 Ibid., Vol. 6, fol. 175, Saint-Ovide to Minister, 12 October 1723. 51 Ibid., fol. 240(v), de Mézy to Minister, 24 November 1723. 52 Pierre de Briquet, Code Militaire, un compilation des ordonnances des roys de France concernant les gens de guerre (Paris: 1728) (hereafter cited as Code Militaire), Vol. 1, p. 71. 53 AN, C11A, Vol. 126, fol. 34, "Plan des Cazernes a faire au Port Toulouse." Louisbourg Map Collection, Map No. 733-10a. 54 AN, Dépot des Fortifications des Colonies, ordre 200, "Toisé Provisionel de L'Isle de l'Entrée," 30 October 1744. 55 Louisbourg Map Collection, Maps Nos. 1739-4, ND 34 and 752-3. 56 AN, C11B, Vol. 33, fols. 224-40, "Etats des personnes," 9 October 1753. 57 Ibid., Vol. 18, fols. 372-3, "Marché pour l'entretien de la menuiserie," 25 October 1736. 58 CTG, Bibliothèque, Mss. reliés 124, pp. 1-10, "Atlas de Mont Dauphin," 1789. 59 AN, C11B, Vol. 18, fol. 129, "Etat de la serurrerie," 2 November 1736. 60 AN, F2, Vol. 51, fols. 193-226, "Devis et Conditions," 10 June 1718. 61 AN, C11B, Vol. 8, fols. 14-14(v), Saint-Ovide and de Mézy to Minister, 28 November 1726. 62 Séminaire de Québec. Archives, Surlaville Papers, fol. 50, "Devis et Conditions," 19 April 1753. 63 AN, G2, Vol. 189, fol. 129(v), "Procès contre Chauffour," 7 June 1752; ibid., Vol. 201, dossier 223, pièce 25, p. 7 "Procès contre Paquet," 26 March 1751. 64 AN, C11B, Vol. 26, fols. 178(v)-9, Bordereaux, 6 November 1744; ibid., Vol. 23, fol. 172, Bordereaux, 18 October 1741. 65 Ibid., Vol. 6, fols. 227-8, de Mézy to Minister, [December] 1723. 66 Ibid., Vol. 18, fols. 229-229(v), "Etat des habillements," 1 October 1736. 67 AN, G2, Vol. 212, fol. 559, Adjudication, September 1749. 68 Ibid., Vol. 183 fol. 92. "Procès contre Saureux" [Laurent], 20 June 1734. 69 AN, C11B, Vol. 30, fol. 225(v), Prévost to Minister, 15 October 1751. 70 Ibid., Vol. 12, fol. 146, "Toisé des ouvrages," 1 September 1731. 71 Ibid., Vol. 18, fol. 181(v), "Etat de la dépense," 1 May 1736. 72 AN, Dépot des Fortifications des Colonies, No. 141, fol. 4(v), "Mémoire au sujet de L'Isle Royale," n.d. 73 CTG, Archives, Article 14, Carton No. 49, "Instructions pour le Sr. Franquet ...," 1753. 74 AN, C11B, Vol. 34, fols. 223-30, Franquet to Minister, 9 December 1754. 75 Gustave Lanctot, "Les troupes de la Nouvelle-France," The Canadian Historical Association, Report of the Annual Meeting (May 1926), pp. 40-60. 76 AN, G2, Vol. 179, fols. 244, 246, "Procès contre Leonnard (St. Pierre) of Aulier," May 1726. 77 AN, G2, Vol. 183. fols. 78-91, "Procès contre Manoié," 19 July 1734. 78 Pierre de Briquet, Code Militaire, Vol. 1, p. 458. 79 CTG, Archives, Article 14, Carton 1, No. 43, Franquet, "Remarques faites à Louisbourg," 1751 80 AN, G2, Vol. 184, fols. 376-8, "Procès verbal," 25 July 1737. 81 AN, B, Vol. 91, fol. 352, Minister to Desherbiers, 14 June 1750. 82 Jean-Baptiste Torchet de Boismêlé, Histoire Générale de la Marine, contenant son origine chez tous les peuples du monde, ses progrès, son état actuel, & les expéditions Maritimes, anciennes & modernes (Paris: P. Prault, A. Boudet, 1758) (hereafter cited as Histoire Générale de la Marine). Vol. 3 contains the 1689 Ordinance "Code des Armées Navale," p. 216. 83 AN, E, 306, Dossier Mathieu dit la Ruine, July 1754; in one account, three soldiers fortified with wine, had a Sunday rendezvous with a woman in a field behind the barachois; in this particular incident a fight resulted between these men and two sailors who came along. 84 AN, B, Vol. 91, fol. 352, Minister to Desherbiers, 14 June 1750. 85 Histoire Générale de la Marine, Vol. 3, p. 346. 86 AN, B, Vol. 91, fol. 352, Minister to Desherbiers, 14 June 1750. 87 See Appendix A. 88 AN, C11B, Vol. 16, fol. 11, Sabatier to Minister, 28 December 1734; ibid., Vol. 15, fols. 58-9, Saint-Ovide and Le Normant to Minister, 23 January 1734. 89 Ibid., Vol. 21, fols. 111-111(v), Bigot to Minister, 4 November 1739; ibid., Vol. 20, fol. 217, "Mémoire Troupe," 1738. 90 Ibid., Vol. 15, fols. 26-50, "Etat des terrains concédés," 24 October 1734. 91 AN, B, Vol. 40(2), fols. 528-9, Council to de Mézy, 19 June 1718. It is not possible to give exact equivalences for French weights which varied from region to region. However, the French livre approximates the English pound. 92 AN, C11B, Vol. 15, fols. 194-260, "Etat des Vivres," 31 October 1734. 93 Ibid., Vol. 21, fols. 97-1 00(v), Bigot to Minister, 3 October 1737; ibid., Vol. 22, fols. 144-6, Bigot to Minister, 20 August 1740. 94 Ibid., Vol. 28, fols. 42-42(v), Bigot to Minister, 20 August 1749. 95 Ibid., Vol. 24, fols. 87-9(v), Bigot to Minister, 18 June 1742; ibid., Vol. 37, fols. 215-20, Prévost to Minister, 10 December 1757. 96 Ibid., Vol. 20, fols. 31 8(v)-9, "Mémoire Troupe," 1738. 97 AN, G2, Vol. 180, fol. 184, "Procès contre Geoffroy (Beaupré)," 11 August 1729; AN, G2, Vol. 183, fols. 78-91, "Procès contre Manoie," 19 July 1734; AN, E, Vol. 306, No. 3, "Dossier Mathieu dit la Ruine," July 1754. 98 AN, G2, Vol. 185, fols. 379-424, "Procès contre Larue," March 1739. 99 CTG, Archives, Article 14, Carton 24, Franquet, "Mémoire sur Isle Royale," 1750. 100 AN, G2, Vol. 189, fol. 53, "Procès contre Chauffour," 4 March 1751. 101 AN, C11B, Vol. 9, fol. 138, Sabatier to Minister, 10 October 1727. 102 AN, G2, Vol. 179, fols. 148 and 195, "Procès contre Leonnard, Dubois et Autlier," May 1726. 103 AN, C11B, Vol. 20, fols. 318-318(v), "Mémoire Troupe," 1738. 104 AN, G2B, Vol. 201, No. 240, "Procès contre Richard," 4 January 1752. 105 AN, C11B, Vol. 17, fol. 212, "Etat de la recette et consommation des vivres ...," 1 October 1736. 106 Archaeological Photograph G3896, Louisbourg Collection, and Plan 0.35. 107 AN, C11B, Vol. 24, fol. 174, "Etat des vivres, habillements et munitions nécessaires," 11 October 1741. 108 AN, G2, Vol. 201, No. 223(9), "Procès contre Paquet," 26 March 1751; AN, C11B, Vol. 8, fol. 23, Saint-Ovide and de Mézy to Minister, 1 December 1726. 109 Ibid., Vol. 6, fols. 217-8(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 12 December 1723. 110 AN, B, Vol. 27, fol. 1272, Minister to Saint-Ovide, 26 June 1724. 111 AN, C11B, Vol. 8, fol. 64, Saint-Ovide to Minister 20 November 1726; AN, B, Vol. 50(2), fol. 585, Minister to Saint-Ovide, 10 Juno 1727. 112 AN, C11 B, Vol. 21, fols. 17-8, de Forant and Bigot to Minister, 4 November 1739. 113 AN, B, Vol. 40(2), fol. 528(v), Minister to de Mézy, 19 June 1718. 114 AN, C11B, Vol. 2, fol. 229, Saint-Ovide to Council, 8 November 1717. 115 Pierre de Briquet, Code Militaire, Vol. 6, p. 65. 116 AN, C11B, Vol. 36, fols. 52-4(v), Minister to Machault, 10 May 1756. 117 AN, C11B, Vol. 4, fol. 118, "Demandes à faire pour les Munitions de 1719," 10 January 1719; ibid., Vol. 10, fol. 120, "Etat des vivres, habillements et munitions nécessaires," 29 November 1729; ibid., Vol. 14, fols. 222(v)-3, "Etat des vivres, habillement et munitions nécessaires," 19 October 1733; ibid., Vol. 18, fols. 227-9(v), "Etat des vivres, habillement et munitions nécessaires," 1 October 1736. 118 AN, G2, Vol. 179, fol. 418, "Procès contre Leonnard (St. Pierre) et Autlier (St. Louis)," May 1726. 119 AN, G2, Vol. 185, fols. 379-424, "Procès contre Larue," March 1739. 120 AN, G1, Parish Records, 1722-39. 121 AN, B, Vol. 88(2), fols. 338, Minister to M. de Letanduère, 21 October 1748. 122 AN, C11B, Vol. 29, fols. 39-44, Desherbiers to Minister, 14 October 1750. 123 Ibid., Vol. 31, fols. 60-1, de Raymond to Minister, 10 September 1751. 124 Ibid., Vol. 36, fols. 60-2(v), Drucour to Minister, 27 June 1756. 125 Ibid., Vol. 35, fol. 206, Franquet to Minister, 11 November 1755. 126 AN, B, Vol. 68, fols. 380-380(v), Minister to de Forant, 8 July 1739. 127 AN, C11B, Vol. 21, fols. 95-6(v), Bigot to Minister, 14 September 1739. 128 Ibid., fols. 51-4, de Forant to Minister, 22 September 1739. 129 Ibid., fol. 16, de Forant to Minister, 4 November 1739. 130 AN, B, Vol. 70, fols. 389-389(v), Minister to de Forant, 7 May 1740. 131 Ibid., fols. 396-396(v), Minister to de Forant and Bigot, 7 May 1740. 132 AN, C11B, Vol. 22, fols. 93-6, Duquesnel to Minister, 1 December 1740. 133 Ibid., Vol. 25, fols. 27, Duquesnel and Bigot to Minister, 28 October 1743. 134 Ibid., Vol. 23, fols. 78-9(v), Duquesnel to Minister, 23 November 1741. 135 Ibid., Vol. 21, fols, 27-100(v), Bigot to Minister, 3 October 1739. 136 Ibid., Vol. 24, fols. 87-9(v), Bigot to Minister, 18 June 1742. 137 AN, E, Dossier 157, Dossier Abraham Du Pasquier, 2 December 1745. 138 AN, C11B, Vol. 26, fol. 231, Duchambon and Bigot to Minister, 31 December 1744; AN, E, Dossier, 157, Dossier Abraham Du Pasquier, 2 December 1745. 139 Collection de documents relatifs l'histoire de la Nouvelle France, Vol. 3, p. 267, "Ordonnance Royalle sur la revolte a Louisbourg," 1 November 1745. 140 AN, B, Vol. 82(2), fol. 657, Minister to M. de Barraith, 20 December 1745. 141 AN, E, Dossier 233, Dossier Christophe Jout, 2 December 1745. 142 AN, C11B, Vol. 9, fols. 212-4, 217-21, "Toisé des ouvrages," 4 May 1727; ibid., Vol. 18, fol. 181, "Etat de la dépense," 1 May 1736. 143 Ibid., Vol. 12, fol. 145, Verrier to Minister, 1 August 1731. 144 Ibid., Vol. 17, fols. 106-7, Le Normant to Minister, 10 February 1735. 145 Ibid., Vol. 12, fols. 175-8, Sabatier to Minister, 12 December 1739. 146 Ibid., Vol. 24, fol. 175, "Etat des vivres," 11 October 1741. 147 Ibid., Vol. 22, fol. 61, Bourville and Bigot to Minister, 25 October 1740. 148 Ibid., Vol. 23, fol. 195, Verrier to Minister, 26 October 1741; ibid., Vol. 25, fol. 193, "Compte provisionel," 22 November 1743. 149 Ibid., Vol. 19, fols. 29-29(v), Saint-Ovide and Le Normant to Minister, 25 October 1737. 150 Ibid., Vol. 26, fols. 236-8, "Ordonnance du Roy," [7 November 1743]. 151 Ibid., Vol. 21, fols. 49-49(v), de Forant to Minister, 20 Juno 1739; ibid., Vol. 22, fols. 43-6, Bourville and Bigot to Minister, 20 October 1741. 152 AN, F3, Vol. 50(2), fols. 496-8(v), "Ecoles de Mathématiques et D'Artillerie," 8 January 1753. 153 AN, C11B, Vol. 23, fol. 71, "Détail de la garde," [19 October 1741]. 154 Pierre de Briquet, Code Militaire, Vols. 2, 5, pp. 284, 287-8, 294. 155 AN, G2, Vol. 189, fol. 31, "Procès contre Chauffour," June 1752. 156 AN, C11 B, Vol. 24, fols. 173-6, "Etat des Vivres," 11 October 1741. 157 Ibid., Vol. 26, fols. 173-181(v), Bordereau, 6 November 1755; ibid., Vol. 32, fols. 183-8(v), "Etat des Vivres," 25 October 1752. 158 Charles S. Lindsay, "Louisbourg Guardhouses," Canadian Historic Sites: Occasional Papers in Archaeology and History, No. 12 (1975), pp. 47-100. 159 AN, F3, Vol. 50(2), fol. 528, "Réglement pour les honneurs à rendre dans la colonie de Isle Royale," 10 November 1755. 160 Charles S. Lindsay, op. cit. 161 AN, C11 B, Vol. 17, fols. 106-7, Le Normant to Minister, 10 February 1735. 162 Ibid., Vol. 12, fol. 265(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 15 November 1732; ibid., Vol. 14, fol. 301(v), Verrier to Minister, 23 October 1733. 163 Ibid., Vol. 33, fols. 225-225(v), "Etat de Personnes," 9 October 1753. 164 Ibid., Vol. 8, fol. 112, Verrier to Minister, 10 October 1726. 165 AN, G3, Vol. 2058, no, 36, "Acte de réquisition," 18 October 1726. 166 AN, G1, Vol. 407, Record I, Parish Records, 11 May 1740. 167 AN, G1, Vol. 406, Record 4, Parish Records, 19 September, 17 November, 2 December, 17 December 1735. 168 AN, C11B, Vol. 20, fol. 54, Bourville and Le Normant to Minister, 21 October 1 738; Paris. Archives de la Guerre, Service historique de l'armée, Al, Vol. 3393, fol. 38, Raymond, Mémoire concernant les missionnaires, January 1752. 169 AN, G2, Vol. 197, file 129, no. 13, "Etat des frais de justice a l'occasion de la succession de feu M. Decouagne," 1740. 170 AN, C11B, Vol. 13, fols. 11-3, de Mézy to Minister, 3 February 1732. 171 PAC, MG1 8, Fl 2, Pichon Papers, "Tableau de l'etat actuel des missions, 1753," No. 40 (the document is said to be in Pichon's hands). 172 AN, G2, Vol. 184, fols. 430-50, "Procès contre Le Large," April 1737; ibid., Vol. 189, fol. 175(v), "Procès contre Le Bon," January 1753. 173 Ibid., Vol. 192, fol. 27, "Ordonnance du Roy," 5 May 1735. 174 Joseph O. Vogel, "Archaeological Report on the King's Chapel, Château St. Louis." Manuscript on file, National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, Parks Canada, Louisbourg, 1965, pp. 24, 27. 175 AN, G2, Vol. 184, fols. 430-50, "Procès contre Le Large," April 1737; AN, G1, Vol. 406, Record 4, Parish Records, 8 July 1737. 176 AN, G2, Vol. 189, fols. 148-269, "Procès contre Le Bon," 1753-54; AN, G2, Vol. 193, Record 2, fol. 45, 28 October 1754. 177 AN, C11B, Vol. 33, fol. 224-40, "Etat des personnes," 9 October 1753; AN, G1, Vol. 406, fol. 14, "Baptêmes," 23 July 1725. 178 AN, G1, Vol. 409, Record 1, 180, Parish Records, 21 June 1754. 179 Le R.P. Hugolin Lemay, "Table nominale des Récollects de Bretagne, missionaires et aumôniers dans l'Isle Royale (1713-1759)," Proceedings and Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, 3rd. ser., Vol. 25, Sect. 1 (May 1931), pp. 81-100; AN, B, Vol. 88(2), fol. 362, Minister to M. de Givry, 9 December 1748; ibid., Vol. 86(2), fols. 331, 337, Minister to Caulet, 8 May and 7 June 1747. 180 Paris. Archives de la Guerre, Service historique de l'armée, Al, Vol. 3397, fol. 38, de Raymond, "Mémoire concernant les Missionaires," January 1752. 181 PAC, MG18, Fq2, Pichon Papers, de Vire Collection 1753, "Tableau de l'état actuel des missions." 182 AN, C11B, Vol. 6, fol. 240(v), de Mézy to Minister, 23 November 1723. 183 AN, G2, Vol. 180, fol. 653, Planton Inventory, 3 January 1731. 184 AN, C11B, Vol. 7, fol. 63(v), de Mézy to Minister, 22 November 1724. 185 Ibid., fol. 329, Verrier to Minister, 16 December 1725. 186 Ibid., Vol. 8, fol. 13(v), Saint-Ovide and de Mézy to Minister, 28 November 1726. 187 Ibid., Vol. 18, fol. 183, "Etat de la Dépense," 11 May 1736. 188 Ibid., fols. 160-1, "Bordereau des payments," 27 December 1736; AN, G1, Vol. 466, fol. 69, "Recensement" 1734. 189 AN, C11B, Vol. 35, fols. 244-8(v), Prévost to Machault, 13 December 1755. 190 Ibid., Vol. 29, fol. 57, Desherbiers to Minister, 5 November 1750; ibid., Vol. 9, fol. 224(v), "Toisé des ouvrages," 4 May 1727. 191 Ibid., Vol. 22, fols. 184-9(v), Bigot to Minister, 30 October 1740. 192 Ibid., Vol. 18, fol. 183, "Etat de la Depense," 11 May 1736. 193 AN, G1, Vol. 406, no. 76, "Dénombrement général des families," 1749-50. 194 AN, C11 B, Vol. 34, fols. 9-10, d'Ailleboust and Prévost to Minister, 19 December 1753; ibid., Vol. 33, fols. 225(v)-6, "Etat des Personnes," 9 October 1753. 195 Ibid., Vol. 35, fols. 291-5, "Etat de la dépense," 17 December 1755. 196 Ibid., fols. 90-3, Drucour to Machault, 8 September 1755; 200 livres to the captain, 150 to the lieutenants and 100 to the ensigns. 197 Ibid., Vol. 8, fols. 55-64(v), Saint-Ovide to Minister, 20 November 1726. 198 James Johnstone, Memoirs of the Chevalier de Johnstone, Trans. Charles Winchester (Aberdeen: D. Wyllie & Son, 1870), Vol. 2, p. 179. 199 Bernard Forest de Belidor, La Science des Ingenieurs dans la conduite des travaux de fortification rt d'architecture civile (Paris: C. Jombert, 1729), Vol. 4, p. 75. 200 CTG, Bibliothèque, Mss. 131d, A.C. de Lery, Mémoire ou Traité de Fortifications, pp. 332-4. 201 M. de Guignard, L'Ecole de Mars ou Memoires Instructifs sur toutes les parties qui composent le Corps Militaire en France, avec leurs origines, et les differentes maneures ausquelles elles sont employees (Paris: 1725), p. 351. 202 Paris. Archives de la Guerre, Service Historique de l'Armée, Al, Vol. 3393, fol. 69, Raymond to Minister, 11 June 1753. 203 CTG, Bibliothèque, Mss. 205b, Franquet to de Rougement, 13 October 1750. 204 AN, C11B, Vol. 26, fol. 195, Duquesnel and Bigot to Minister, 23 October 1742; AN, B, Vol. 107, fol. 356, Mores to Prévost, 11 February 1758. 205 AN, C11B, Vol. 23, fols. 109-109(v), Bigot to Minister, 20 October 1741. 206 John Fortier, "King's Bastion Report VIII. A Survey of the Citadel Area Prepared for the Purposes of Archaeological Excavation." Manuscript on file, National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, Parks Canada, Louisbourg, 1965, p. 49. 207 AN, C11B, Vol. 13, fols. 92-3, Le Normant to Minister, 23 December 1732. 208 ibid., Vol. 15, fol. 45, "Etat des terrains," 24 October 1734. 209 Maps in Louisbourg collection. 210 See Appendix C. 211 AN, B, Vol. 71, fol. 137, Minister to de La Tuillerie, 8 September 1740; AN, C11B, Vol. 22, fols. 91-2, Duquesnel to Minister, 7 November 1740; AN, B, Vol. 78, fols. 396-396(v), Minister to Duquesnel, 21 April 1744. 212 AN, C11 B, Vol. 28, fol. 67, Desherbiers to Minister, 5 April 1749; AN, B, Vol. 91, fol. 318, Minister to Desherbiers, 7 February 1759. 213 AN, C11B, Vol. 31, fol. 15, de Raymond to Minister, 12 June 1751; ibid., Vol. 33, fol. 236, La Borde, "Etat des Payments," 9 October 1753; ibid., Vol. 32, fol. 173, Mouret to Minister, 20 August 1751; ibid., Vol. 35, fols. 306-60, de Raymond to Minister, 13 April 1755. 214 AN, B, Vol. 100, fol. 71(v), Minister to de Bouliogne, 24 March 1755. 215 Paris. Archives do la Guerre, Service Historique do l'Armee, A, Vol. 3393, fol. 73, Raymond to Minister, 15 June 1753. 216 AN, C11 B, Vol. 32, fol. 17, Prévost to Minister, 20 November 1752. 217 AN, G1, Vol. 466, fol. 51, "Recensement ...," 14 January 1715. 218 ibid., Vol. 406, Record 4, fol. 104, Parish Records, 5 April 1729. 219 ibid., Vol. 466, No. 76, "Dénombrement général des families," 1749-50. 220 AN, B, Vol. 94, fol. 269, "Liste de personnes," 4 June 1751. 221 Paris. Archives de la Guerre, Service Historique de l'Armée, La Série Mémoires et Reconaissances, Art. 1105, No. 21, "Journal de la Navigation du Vaisseau L'Aigle de 50 canons commandé par Mr. Daubigny capitaine de Vaisseau allant de Brest a Louisbourg, Année 1754." 222 AN, G2, Vol. 180, fols. 78-9, "Mémoire de Sr. Sabatier," 20 May 1729; AN, B, Vol. 59(2), fols. 550-550(v), Minister to de Pensens, 24 June 1773. 223 AN, C11B, Vol. 9, fols. 214(v)-15, 222(v), 225(v), "Toisé des ouvrages," 4 May 1727; ibid., Vol. 18, fols. 185-6, "Etat de la dépense," 11 May 1736. 224 Ibid., Vol. 18, fol. 130, "Etat de la Serrurerie à faire en réparation," 2 November 1736. 225 Ibid., Vol. 9, fols. 180-255(v), Verrier to Minister, 1 November 1727. 226 Ibid., fols. 260-260(v), "Mémoire au sujet du conseil supérieur de Louisbourg," [December 1727]. 227 AN, G2, Vol. 180, fols. 78-9, "Mméoire de Sr. Sabatier," 20 May 1729. 228 AN, C11B, Vol. 18, fols. 186-90, "Etat de la dépense," 11 May 1736. 229 AN, C11C, Vol. 12, fol. 107(v), Bordereaux, 25 August 1744; ibid., Vol. 11, fol. 1190, Bordereaux, 31 October 1737. 230 AN, G2, Vol. 180, fols. 78(v)-9, "Mémoire de Sr. Sabatier," 20 May 1729; ibid., Vol. 191, Record 2, a hearing of 20 August 1739. 231 Paris. Archives de la Guerre, Service Historique de l'Armée, Al, Vol. 3393, fol. 45, de Raymond to Minister, 18 June 1752. 232 AN, C11B, Vol. 18, fol. 130, "Etat de la Serrurerie à faire en reparation," 2 November 1736. 233 Ibid., fols. 185-6, "Etat de la dépense," 11 May 1736. 234 Ibid., Vol. 9, fols. 222-5(v), "Toisé des ouvrages, " 4 May 1727. 235 ibid., Vol. 13, fols. 247(v)-54, "Liste des Bâtiments Anglais," 15 November 1732. 236 Paris. Archives de la Guerre, Service Historique de l'Aréee, Al, Vol. 3404, fol. 57(5), "De Par le Roy," 1755. 237 AN, E, Vol. 93, fols. 23-23(v), Dossier Costebelle, 1717. 238 AN, C11B, Vol. 2, fol. 230, Minister to Council, 9 November 1717. 239 Paris. Archives de la Guerre, Service Historique de l'Armée, Al, Vol. 3393, fol. 69, Raymond to Minister, 11 June 1753. 240 Paris, Archives de la Marine, C7, Vol. 89, fol. 30, Dossier Drucour, "Mémoire de Madame Drucour," September 1769. 241 AN, C11B, Vol. 11, fols. 21-2, Bourville and de Mézy to Minister, 3 December 1730; ibid., fol. 26, Bourville to Minister, 30 November 1730. 242 Paris. Archives de la Guerre, Service Historique de l'Armée, Al, Vol. 3393, No. 44, Anonymous "Mémoire," which McLennan ascribes to de Raymond himself, [16 June 1752]. 243 CTG, Bibliothèque, Mss. Reliés, Record 66, "Mémoire des enenemens ...," 1758. 244 Dictionary of Canadian Biography (Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press, 1966), Vol. 2, pp. 224-6. 245 AN, C11B, Vol. 21, fol. 63, de Forant to Minister, 14 November 1739. 246 Ibid., fol. 90, de Forant to Minister, 23 November 1739. 247 Ibid., Vol. 22, fols. 149-50(v), Bigot to Minister, 29 May 1740. 248 J.E. Anderson, "The Human Skeletons in the King's Chapel." Manuscript on file, National Historic Parks and Sites Branch, Parks Canada, Louisbourg 1964, p. 19. 249 AN, G3, Vol. 2046, de Forant's will, 10 May 1740. 250 AN, C11B, Vol. 25, fols. 80-80(v), Duquesnel to Minister, 15 November 1743. The officers' daughters in 1743 were de Couagne, de l'Espérance, Benoit, Thierry, Loppinot and Le Fresilliere (2 vacancies); ibid., fols. 58-58(v), Duquesnel to Minister, 27 October 1743. 251 Guy Fregault, François Bigot, administrateur français (Montreal: L'Institut d'histoire de l'Amerique française, 1948), pp. 109-10; Paris. Archives de la Guerre, Service Historique de l'Armée, Al, Vol. 3393, 38 suite, Raymond, éMmoire, January 1752. 252 AN, G2, Vol. 185, fols. 119-119(v), inventory fragment. 253 AN, B, Vol. 70, fols. 418-418(v), Minister to Bigot, 2 September 1740. 254 AN, C11B, Vol. 25, fols. 76-7, Duquesnel to Minister, 7 November 1743; Paris, Archives de la Marine, C7, Vol. 181, fol. 10, Dossier Duquesnel. 255 George M. Wrong, ed., Louisbourg in 1745: The anonymous "Lettre d'un Habitant de Louisbourg (Cape Breton), " containing a narrative by an eye-witness of the siege in 1745 (Toronto: Warwick Bros. & Rutter, 1897), pp. 15-6. 256 J.E. Anderson, op. cit., p. 4. 257 Paris. Archives de la Marine, C7, Vol. 181, fol. 8, Dossier Duquesnel, 28 September 1740. 258 AN, C11B, Vol. 22, fols. 91-2, Duquesnel to Minister, 7 November 1740. 259 AN, Archives maritimes, Port de Rochefort, 1E, Vol. 133, fol. 391, Minister to Rochefort, 26 May 1741; ibid., Vol. 137, fol. 455, Minister to Rochefort, 16 July 1743. 260 AN, C11B, Vol. 23, fols. 195-195(v), Verrier to Minister, 26 October 1741 261 AN, B, Vol. 77, fol. 558(v), Minister to Duquesnel and Bigot, 6 June 1742. 262 AN, C11B, Vol. 26, fol. 77. Duchambon to Minister, 10 November 1744. 263 Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers, par une société de gens de lettres. Mis en ordre & publié par m. Diderot... & quant à la partie mathématique, par m. d'Alembert (Paris: Briasson, 1755), Vol. 5, p. 511. 264 AN, B, Vol. 82(1), fol. 171, Minister to Madame Duquesnel, 22 July 1745. 265 AN, G2, Vol. 206, No. 469, file 250, "Plumitif d'Audience," 17 October 1757 266 Guy Frègault, op. cit., p. 113.
1 Louis Effingham de Forest, Louisbourg Journals 1745 (New York: Society of Colonial Wars, 1932), p. 50. 2 Dudley Bradstreet, "Dudley Bradstreet's Diary," Massachusetts Historical Society, Proceedings, Second Series, Vol. 11 (1896-97). 3 Scottish Record Office, Cunninghame or Thornton Muniments, No. 485, fol. 226, 26 July 1746. 4 John Fortier, op. cit.
1 AN, C11B, Vol. 28, fols. 102-3, "M. Desherbiers rend compte de reprise de possession (lettre du 29 juillet 1749)," February 1750. 2 Ibid., fols. 16-21, Desherbiers and Prévost to Minister, 10 September 1749. 3 AN, C11C, Vol.9, fol. 134 and Vol. 13, fol. 67. 4 AN, C11B, Vol. 28, fols. 317-317(v), "Estimation des reparations," 30 August 1749. 5 Ibid., fol. 340, "Etat des reparations," 31 December 1749. 6 Joseph Bernard Chabert de Cogolin, Voyage Fait par Ordre du Roy en 1750 et 1751, Dans L'Amerique Septentrionale... (Paris: Imprimerie royale, 1753), p. 91. 7 Paris, Archives de la Guerre, Service Historique de l'Armée, Al, Vol. 3393, fol. 45, de Raymond to Minister, 18 June 1752. 8 AN, B, Vol. 95, fol. 295, Minister to de Raymond, 24 June 1752; AN, C11B, Vol. 30, fol. 225(v), Prévost to Minister, 15 October 1751; ibid., fol. 304(v), Prévost to Minister, 3 December 1751. 9 ibid., Vol. 33, fols. 222-222(v), "Etat des personnes," 16 September 1753; ibid., fols. 224(v)-8, "Etat des personnes," 9 October 1753. 10 ibid., fols. 172-4, Prévost to Minister, 19 May 1753. 11 ibid., Vol. 35, fol. 273, "Etat des troupes," 8 June 1755; ibid., fol. 155, "Logement général des troupes," 7 June 1755. 12 ibid., fols. 279-80, Franquet to Minister, 28 June 1755. 13 AN, B, Vol. 101, fols. 216(v)-17, Minister to Prévost, 17 March 1755; AN, C11B, Vol. 35, fols. 275-6, Franquet to Minister, 20 June 1755. 14 ibid., Vol. 36, fols. 86-92, Prévost to Minister, 10 April 1756. 15 AN, F3, Vol. 50(3), fols. 588-9, "Extrait de mon Journal," 1758. 16 Pierre Mayrand, "La Perte de Louisbourg," Revue Historique de L'Armée, No. 1 (1970), quoted from de Bonaventure, Lieutenant du Roy and de Grésigny, captain in the Regiment Artois.
1 AN, C1 1C, Vol. 12, fols. 132-6; ibid., fol. 71, engineers' salaries from 1741.
1 AN, C11B, Vol.7, fols. 313(v)-4(v), 1 October 1725. 2 AN, C11B, Vol. 28, fols. 202-65, 31 December 1750.
1 AN, G2, Vol. 199, doss. 189, 22 October 1744.
1 Pierre de Briquet, ed., Code Militaire, Vol. 1, pp. 279-94.
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