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Canadian Historic Sites: Occasional Papers in Archaeology and History No. 9
by Susan Buggey EndnotesIntroduction 1 Dictionary of Canadian Biography (Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press, 1972) (hereafter cited as DCB), Vol. 10, pp. 188-90, "Ends Collins." 2 Auction notice, Acadian Recorder, 3 July 1813. 3 Editorial notice, Acadian Recorder, 25 June 1825. 4 "The Mission Vessel," The Presbyterian Witness and Evangelical Advocate, 7 November 1863.
1 Harry Piers, The Evolution of the Halifax Fortress, 1749-1928, ed., G. M. Self and Phyllis Blakeley, Public Archives of Nova Scotia, Publication No. 7 (Halifax: 1947), p. 7. 2 Halifax County Court House, register copy (hereafter cited as HCCH), bk. 2, fol. 331, deed of transfer, Ephraim Cooke to John Creighton, 1753. 3 HCCH, bk. 3, fols. 50-53, deeds of transfer, Stephen Theodore Janson et al., creditors of Ephraim Cooke, to Charles Lawrence, 1756: bk. 5, fols. 8-9, Charles Lawrence to Thomas Saul, 1759; T. B. Akins, "History of Halifax City," Collections of the Nova Scotia Historical Society, Vol. 8 (1892) (hereafter cited as "Halifax City"), p. 33; John Bartlett Brabner, New England's Outpost: Acadia Before the Conquest (New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 1927), p. 257. 4 Nova Scotia, Public Archives (hereafter cited as PANS), Halifax Allotment Book, 1749-86, p. 124. 5 HCCH, bk. 16, fols. 203-7, deed of transfer, Thomas Saul to Alexander Brymer, 1779; T. B. Akins, "Halifax City." p. 72; The Royal Gazette, 1769 et seq. 6 Nova Scotia. Department of Lands and Forests, Description Book 5, No. 757, pp. 84-85, "A Grant for Brymer's Wharf." 7 Canada. Public Archives (hereafter cited as PAC), MG9, 83(4), pp. 30-32, "An Act relating so the Building Wharves upon the Beach before the Town of Halifax, made and passed in Council as Halifax the 24th Febry 1749/50." 8 HCCH, bk. 36, fols. 12-14, dead of transfer, Brymer to T., J., and W. Cochran, 1800. 9 HCCH, bk. 36, fols. 432-5 and bk. 36, fols. 6-8, deeds of transfer, J. & W. Cochran to William Smith, Smith to Robert Lester and Robert Morrogh, 1803; PANS, MG3, No. 160, William Forsyth & Co. Letter Book, 30 August 1796 to 3 October 1798, passim; HCCH, bk. 37, fol. 261, deeds of transfer, Lester and Morrogh to Charles R. Prescott and William Lawson, 1806; bk. 39, fols. 14-16, Prescott and Lawson to John Clarke, 1810; bk. 39, fols. 346-6, Prescott to Enos Collins, 1811. 10 Nova Scotia. Department of Lands and Forests, Grant Book A, No. 357; Grant Book 51, No. 12504; Grant Book 66, No. 14744. 11 HCCH, bk. 39, fols. 16-18, legal agreement, Prescott and Lawson with John Clarke, 1810. 12 PAC. Map Division, E. H. Keating, comp., Map of the City of Halifax, Drawn expressly for McAlpine's Directory 1872-73. 13 Interview; R. J. Fisher of Pickford & Black Co. 9 May 1972. 14 Insurance Plan 1939-51, block 12, in possession of the Nova Scotia Board of Insurance underwriters. 15 PAC, WO55/859, fols. 402 and 412. 16 "Water street," Acadian Recorder, 27 February 1813; The Nova-Scotia Royal Gazette (hereafter cited as NSRG), 1 May 1916; "Halifax Streets. Report of Commissioners," The Novascotian, 16 December 1830. 17 Capt. W. Moorsom, Letters from Nova Scotia; comprising Sketches of a Young Country (London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, 1830), p. 11; Contracts offered, The Weekly Chronicle, 13 April 1810 and Acadian Recorder, 23 April 1825; Hugh Murray, An Historical and Descriptive Account of BRITISH AMERICA; comprehending Canada Upper and Lower, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Prince Edward Island, The Bermudas, and the Fur Countries: . . . to which is added, a Full Detail of the Principles and Best Modes of EMIGRATION (Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, 1839), Vol. 2, p. 157: James S. Buckingham, Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and the other British Provinces in North America, with a plan of National Colonization (London: Fisher, Son, & Co, [1843]), pp. 320, 333; Frederic S. Cozzens, Acadia; or, A Month with the Blue Hoses (New York: Derby & Jackson, 1859), p. 19: Isabella Lucy Bird, The Englishwoman in America, ed., Andrew Hill Clark (Toronto: Univ. of Toronto Press, 1965), p. 16, copyright 1966 by the Regents of the University of Wisconsin. 18 Isabella Lucy Bird, op. cit., pp. 18, 21; James S. Buckingham, op. cit., p. 333; Frederic S. Cozzens, op. cit., p. 19. 19 Robert Malcolm advertisement, The British Colonist, 3 September 1863; Halifax, N.S., Annual Report of the Several Departments of the City Government of Halifax, Nova Scotia for the Municipal Year 1879/80 (Halifax: various publishers, 1658-1916) (hereafter cited as Halifax, Annual Report), p. 60. 20 The analysis in this section is based upon Halifax, Annual Report, 1868-1915. Most of the information has been drawn from reports by the city engineer and the Board of Works. 21 Halifax, Annual Report, 1888-89, p. 283, E. H. Keating to the mayor and council, city engineer's office, 12 November 1989. 22 Conversation with Mr. Joseph Simon, May 1972. 23 Descriptions in some detail of Haligonian wharfs occur, for instance, in Acadian Recorder, 24 April 1819, 2 November 1822, 22 March 1823, 22 January and 30 April 1825; The Free Press, 28 March and 2 November 1820, 28 May, 11 June and 23 July 1922; The Novascotian, 13 October 1830, 28 June, 4 October 1838; The Daily Sun, 3 February 1855. 24 Robert Lester advertisement, NSRG, 9 February 1804; Prescott, Lawson & Co. advertisements, The Weekly Chronicle, 4 August 1609 and The Novator, and Nova Scotia Literary Gazette, 11 June 1810; Edward Foster advertisement, NSRG, 24 July 1811; Collins & Allison advertisements, Acadian Recorder, 30 January and 3 April 1813, 24 March 1821, 5 October 1822. 25 Isabella Lucy Bird, op. cit., pp. 15-16, and see Fig. 45. 26 "Valuable Wharf Property to Let at Auction," The Daily Sun, 3 February 1855. 27 HCCH, bk. 205, fols. 450-3, deed of transfer, J. and R. B. Seeton to Robert Pickford and William A. Black, 1876. 28 Interview: R. J. Fisher of Pickford & Black, 9 May 1972, The wharf was repaved in the 1950s. 29 Conversation with Mr. Joseph Simon, May 1972. 30 Architectural investigation; G. C. Dohler and L. E. Ku, "Presentation and assessment of tides and water level records for geophysical investigations," Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 7, No. 2 (1970), p. 613. 31 McAlpine's Halifax City Directory for 1893-94 to 1924 (Halifax: v.p., v.d.); "Two Conflagrations," The Acadian Recorder, 4 December 1916, p. 3. 32 Halifax, Annual Report, 1867-68, p. 8; on the engines see, for instance, "Fifty Thousand Dollar Fire on the Waterfront," The Morning Chronicle, 27 September 1912, p. 1.
1 PAC, MG23, C8, Letterbook 1786-89, [J. Grant] to Robert Grant, Halifax, 4 August 1787. 2 PAC, WO55/857, pp. 150-4, "Plan of the Wharfs and Buildings in the front and near the centre of the Town of Halifax, late the property of the Honble Alexr. Brymer and by him sold to Messrs. Cochrans of Halifax Merchants, now in the possession of R. Lester and R. Morrogh Esqrs." [by] Charles Morris, Survr Genl. copy, enclosed W. Fenwick to Captain Rowley, Halifax, 24 December 1803 (here after cited as "Plan of the Wharfs and Buildings now in the possession of R. Lester and R. Morrogh"). 3 M. Forrestall advertisements, NSRG, 11 July 1909; The Weekly Chronicle, 4 August 1809; Mrs. Ann Bell advertisement, NSRG, 20 February 1810. 4 PANS, RG35-A, assessment books, Vol. 1 (1819, 1821, 1822), Vol. 2 (1823); Collins & Allison advertisement, Acadian Recorder, 23 August 1923; G. P. Lawson advertisement, The Novascotian, 28 February and 31 March 1828. 5 PANS, RG35-A, assessment books, Vol. 2 (1830); auction notice, Acadian Recorder, 24 April 1830. 6 Editorial, The Novascotian, 6 July 1931. 7 Henry L. Billings and William Allan advertisements, The Novascotian, 21 April and 19 May 1831; notice, The Halifax Journal, 7 January 1934; PANS, RG35-A, assessment books, Vol. 3 (1833-1836). 8 Partnership notice, The Novascotian, 9 January 1840; Fairbanks & Allisons, like many mercantile firms, advertised regularly in the Halifax newspapers; see, for instance, The Novascotian, 17 September 1840 and British Colonist, 1 September and 20 December 1849; HCCH, bk. 140, fols. 487-8, deed of transfer, Collins to J. and R. B. Seeton, 1863; Fairbanks & Allison advertisement, The Halifax Journal, 14 January 1839. 9 S. A. White & Co. advertisements, The British Colonist, 22 October 1961; The Halifax Morning Sun, 16 January, 24 April 1863; Nugent's Business Directory of the City of Halifax for 1858-9 (Halifax, 1858) (hereafter cited as Nugent's Directory, 1858-9); The Halifax, Nova Scotia Business Directory for 1863, comp. Luke Hutchinson Halifax, 1863) (hereafter cited as Halifax Directory, 1863). 10 Messrs. Seeton paid £6,000 to purchase the building and the property on which it stood, Deed of transfer, Enos Collins to Joseph and Robert B. Seeton, 1863, in possession of R. J. Fisher of Pickford & Black Co.; J. and R. B. Seeton advertisement, The Presbyterian Witness and Evangelical Advocate, 14 November 1863; Hutchinson's Nova Scotia Directory for 1866-67 (Halifax; D. McAlpine & Co., 1868) (hereafter cited as Hutchinson's Directory, 1866-67); McAlpine's Halifax City Directory for 1869-70 to 1875-76 (Halifax: D. McAlpine, v.d.) (hereafter cited as City Directory); "The Inman Lisa" and "Royal Mail Steamships," The Morning Chronicle, 1 January 1968. 11 HCCH, bk 205, fols. 450-3. deed of transfer, J. and R. B. Seeton to Robert Pickford and William A. Black, 1876; Dalhousie University Archives, Pickford & Black Papers, microfilm copies, passim; I. J. Isaacs, comp., The City of Halifax, The Capital of Nova Scotia, Canada, Its Advantages and Facilities, Compiled under approval of the Board of Trade, Also a series of comprehensive sketches of some of its representative business enterprises (Halifax, 1909) (hereafter cited as The City of Halifax), pp. 48-49; John E. Kennedy, ed., Who's Who and Why in Canada (and Newfoundland), A Biographical Dictionary of Eminent Living Canadians and Notable Men of Newfoundland (Ottawa: Canada Press Association, 1912), Vol. 1 (hereafter cited as Who's Who in Canada), Pickford and Black advertised very widely; see, for instance, their shipping notices in the Halifax Herald, 1898, passim, and The Morning Chronicle, 1910, passim. 12 Canada. Sessional Paper 29a (1914), App. A, Alphabetical List of Foreign Consuls, Vice-Consuls, Consular Agents, and Commercial Agents in the Dominion, according to the latest information supplied In the Department of External Affairs; Charles B. Fergusson, ed., A Directory of the Members of the Legislative Assembly of Nova Scotia 1758-1958 (Halifax: PANS, 1958) (hereafter cited as MLAs of N.S.); J. K. Johnston, ed., The Canadian Directory of Parliament 1867-1967 (Ottawa: PAC, 1968). 13 City Directory, 1879-80 to 1903-04; "Another Big Fire," Acadian Recorder, 19 September 1904. 14 Interview: R. J. Fisher, Pickford & Black Co., 29 February 1972. 15 City Directory, 1903-04; "Yesterday's Fire Laid Fine Business Block in Ruins," The Morning Chronicle, 20 September 1904; The City of Halifax, p. 118. 16 On Morse's Teas, see J. E. Morse & Co. papers, Dalhousie University Archives. On the building, see Lynne Redden and Don MacKinnon, "Jerusalem Warehouse," and Don MacKinnon, "Morse's Tea Building, A Brief History," in PANS, History 199/C, Essays. 17 Interview: R. J. Fisher, 29 February 1972; "New Building," Acadian Recorder, 4 June 1825: John Trider advertisement, Acadian Recorder, 30 January 1819. 18 PANS, Fire Investigation before Stipendrary Magistrate George H. Fielding, 1904 (hereafter cited as Investigation), testimony of Joseph R. Bennett of Pickford & Black, p. 7; Interview: R. J. Fisher, 29 February 1972; PANS, RG35-A, assessment books, Vol. 3 (1836). 19 PANS, Investigation, testimony of Joseph R. Bennett, p. 7. 38 PANS, Investigation, testimony of Joseph R. Bennett; John Calder of Black Brothers; Dominick Healey, District Chief of Fire Department: pp. 7, 10, 17, 116-7: The British Colonist, 28 February 1861; PANS, RG35-A, assessment books, Vol. 4 (1862). 21 PANS, Investigation, testimony of George Hensley, partner of Pickford & Black, p. 51. 22 "The Fire Fiend Again Scourges Water Front," The Evening Mail, 19 September 1904; "Yesterday's Fire Laid Fine Business Block in Ruins," The Morning Chronicle, 20 September 1904; "Plans of the Firms Burned Out," The Maritime Merchant and Commercial Review (hereafter cited as The Maritime Merchant), 6 October 1904, p. 25. 23 Interview: G. D. Webb, I. H. Mathers & Son, 1 May 1972. 24 "Halifax Waterfront Firm Changes Hands; under New Control," Halifax Daily Star, 20 July 1936, p. 14; Engineering Department, Halifax City Hall (hereafter cited as EDHCH), Vol. 3, 10 August 1938, permit issued to architect C. St. J. Wilson to remodel Pickford & Black property on upper Water Street; Interview: R. J. Fisher, 9 May 1972. 25 HCCH, expropriations, No. 1937, Pickford & Black, July 1968.
1 The so-called "brick district" encompassed a central area of Halifax in which no new wooden buildings could legally be erected. Preliminary legislation on she subject was in effect from 1822 to 1831, but the act of 1857 "to limit the erection of Wooden Buildings within the City of Halifax" provided the basic form. The law was ambiguous and frequently evaded. Moreover, in 1904 the restricted district extended only 50 ft. east of Water Street, Nova Scotia, Statutes, 3 Geo. 4 c. 29, 1 Will, 4 c. 18, 20 Vict. c. 35, 36 et seq.; Halifax, Annual Report, 1872-73, pp. 12-13; "Brick and Wood District Is Defined By Law," The Morning Chronicle, 23 September 1904. 2 Edward Foster advertisements, NSRG, 24 July 1811, 7 January 1824. Although Foster's principal store was in Dartmouth, he maintained a blacksmith shop and iron store on Collins' Wharf until 1823. 3 Auction notice, Acadian Recorder, 24 April 1830. 4 PANS, RG35 A, assessment books, Vol. 3 (1833, 1834, 1836). 5 HCCH, bk. 140, fols. 487-8 and bk. 148, fols. 560-1, deeds of transfer, Enos Collins to Joseph & R. D. Seeton, 1863 and 1865; PANS, RG35-A, assessment books, Vol. 4 (1862); Nugent's Directory. 1858-59; Halifax Directory, 1863; Hutchinson's Directory, 1866-67. 6 HCCH, bk. 140, fols. 487-8 and bk. 148, fols. 660-1, deeds of transfer, Collins to J. and R. B. Seaton, 1863 and 1866. The west wall is specified in the deed of 1863 to measure 38 ft. 7 in. "more or less" and in the deed of 1865, 38 ft. 4 in. "more or less." 7 HCCH, bk. 205, fols. 450-3, deed of transfer, J. and R. B. Seeton to Robert Pickford and William A. Black, 1876. 8 PANS, Investigation, testimony of Joseph Bennett, pp. 5-6; testimony of Thomas Forhan, p. 3. 9 Our Dominion, Mercantile and Manufacturing interests, Historical and Commercial Sketches of Halifax and Environs (Toronto: The Historical Publishing Co. of Canada, 1867) (hereafter cited as Our Dominion), p. 71; City Directory, 1871-72 to 1904; PANS, Investigation, testimony of Thomas Forhan, pp. 2-3. Forhan seems to have been associated with the wharf during the previous 15 years when he was perhaps an employee of Drillio, I. H. Mathers & Son, Daily Journal, 30 January 1897. 10 City Directory, 1878-79 to 1906-07; "Origin of the Conflagrations Will Probably Be Investigated" and "Yesterday's Fire Laid Fine Business Block in Ruins," The Morning Chronicle, 20 September 1904, pp. 1 and 8; PANS, Investigation, testimony of Joseph Bennett and Thomas Ryan, pp. 6-7 and 86. 11 EDHCH, Building Permit Registers, Vol. 1, 10 July 1906, permit issued to George B. Low for Pickford & Black to "erects wood and cement building," No. 377. 12 City Directory, 1906-06 to 1924.
1 PAC, WO55/857, fol. 150. "Plan of the Wharfs and Buildings now in the possession of R. Lester and R. Morrogh." 2 Archibald M'Coll advertisement, NSRG, 21 May 1801; Forsyth. Smith & Co. advertisement, NSRG, 3 January 1805; HCCH, bk. 37, fols. 261-2, deed of transfer, Robert Lester and Robert Morrogh to Charles Prescott and William Lawson, 1806; notice, NSRG, 16 January 1812; Prescott & Lawson advertisements, NSRG, 1 September 1807, 5 January, 30 August 1808; 6 and 27 June 1809; 13 February 1810: 20 February, 24 April 1811. 3 Notices, Acadian Recorder, 17 April 1813 and 9 October 1824. On the career of Enos Collins, see C. B. Fergusson, ed., Letters and Papers of Hon. Enos Collins, Bulletin of the Public Archives of Nova Scotia, No. 13 (Halifax: 1969) (hereafter cited as Collins), and DCB, Vol. 10, pp. 188-90. Enos Collins; prize sales, Acadian Recorder, 24 April 1813; Collins & Allison advertisements, The Weekly Chronicle, 11 March, 14 December 1814; Acadian Recorder, 8 February, 28 June 1917; 26 June, 28 August 1819; 13 December 1823; The Free Press, 23 November 1920; HCCH, index to deeds, 1749-1836; Reports of meetings, Acadian Recorder, 2 February, 9 March 1822; "Bank!" Acadian Recorder, 3 September 1826; PAC, MG24, D9, Halifax Banking Company; PANS, Vol. 113-1/2, pp. 26-26; notice, Acadian Recorder, 27 August 1831. 4 "Upper Water Street Building Is Damaged By Fire," The Halifax Chronicle, 26 December 1934, p. 12; Victor Ross, A History of the Canadian Bank of Commerce with an Account of the Other Banks which now form Part of its Organization (Toronto; Oxford Univ. Press, 1920) (hereafter cited as Bank of Commerce), Vol. 1, opp. p. 52. 5 The deed of transfer from Prescott to Collins does not appear to have been registered, but documents drawn in November 1822 state that the property was then owned by Collins. See "Red Store," n. 3. 6 T. B. Akins, "Halifax City," p. 157 n.; HCCH, bk. 109, fols. 146-8, legal agreement, Enos Collins to William Clark, 1864; PANS, RG35-A, assessment books, Vol. 2 (1823-1824). 7 "Bank I" Acadian Recorder, 3 September 1826. 8 "Omicron," The Novascotian, 5 February 1834. 9 The union was viewed as "one of the most important transactions in the history of Halifax financial institutions," and five of the seven columns on the front page of The Morning Chronicle (4 March 1903) ware devoted to the news. 10 A history of the Halifax Banking Company will be found in Victor Ross, Bank of Commerce, Vol. 1, pp. 22-124. The original partnership agreement of 1825 is transcribed in App. III, pp. 432-7; it and the later agreements are summarized in App. III, pp. 430-2. Ross apparently saw at least some of the minute books of the Halifax Banking Company, but inquiries of the archivist of the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce and of Haligonian repositories have failed to locate them. A messenger book, a cash book, and three account books are filed as PANS, MG3, Nos. 361-5. For an evaluation of the role of the Halifax Banking Company in Canadian banking, see Bray Hammond, "Banking in Canada before Confederation, 1792-1867," Approaches to Canadian Economic History, eds., W. T. Easterbrook and M. H. Watkins (Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1967), pp. 154-7. 11 Notice, The Halifax Journal, 7 January 1834: City Directory, 1871-72; P. C. Hill advertisement, British Colonist and North American Railway Journal, 14 October 1851: MLAs of N.S.; Nugent's Directory, 1858-59: Halifax Directory, 1863: Hutchinson's Directory, 1866-67; City Directory, 1869-70 to 1871-72. 12 City Directory, 1882-83 to 1919. 13 Interview: R. J. Fisher of Pickford & Black, 9 May 1972; Marion E. Moore, "A Case for Preservation," The Atlantic Advocate, January 1965 (hereafter cited as "Preservation"), p. 64. 14 Partnership notice, Acadian Recorder, 30 April 1825; auction notices, The Novascotian, 1 November 1827, 3 December 1829; E. Collins & Co. advertisements, The Novascotian, 23 April 1829; 18 August 1830, 2 October 1933; Acadian Recorder, 11 August 1832; The Novascotian, 7 April 1830 ff. 15 Notice, The Novascotian, 1 January 1840: Joseph Allison and Co. advertisements, The Novascotian, 21 May, 10 December 1829: 21 July 1830; Acadian Recorder, 25 June, 21 July 1931: 14 July 1832; PANS, RG35-A, assessment books, Vol. 2 (1830), Vol. 3 (1834, 1836). 16 See, for instance, their advertisements in the British Colonist, 1 September, 13 October, 20 December 1849: 28 March, 23 May 1850; The Daily Sun, 3 January 1865; PANS, RG35-A, assessment books, Vol. 4 (1862); City Directory, 1869-70 to 1881-82. 17 PAC, RG8, C1366, p. 94, Pengelly to AQMG, military store office, Halifax, 3 August 1963, copy. 18 City Directory, 1887-68 to 1911; Our Dominion, p. 86; The City of Halifax, pp. 75-76; City Directory, 1906-07 to 1924; ibid. 1910-35 including C. E. Choat & Co. advertisements 1910, 1914, 1916. 19 "Waterfront Fire Brings Property Lost of 920,000," The Halifax Mail, 26 December 1934, p. 3. 20 The water lot granted in 1809 is described in detail in HCCH, bk. 39, fols. 62-5, deed of transfer, William Lawson to Charles R. Prescott, 1810. See also HCCH, bk. 39, fols. 345-6, deeds of transfer, Prescott to Collins, 1811, and bk. 39, fols. 14-18, Prescott and Lawson to John Clark, 1810; bk. 47, fols. 303-6, release, Clark to Collins, and deed of transfer, Collins to Clark, 1922. 21 The difficulties in applying the deed of 1811 ware apparent at the time that R. L. H. Collins transferred the property through brokers to the Sullivan Storage Company. The land was therefore described not only in relation to the dead of 1811 but additionally in relation to the Ordnance Yard, and it was also specifically identified as 53-55 Upper Water Street (HCCH, bk. 848, fols. 382-5, deeds of transfer, Brenton Noble Collins to Richard Leslie Halliburton Collins, 1942; bk. 843, fols. 1253-6, R. L. H. Collins to Melvin S. Clarke, 1943). A plan accompanied the first transfer of the property (HCCH, bk. 857, fols. 337-44, deeds of transfer, Clarke to Darcy Sullivan and Sullivan to Sullivan Storage Company, 1943); a copy of the plan (Fig. 19) is filed in bk. 1027, fol. 537. To ensure that no future question as to ownership could arise, R. L. H. Collins granted a confirming deed so Sullivan Storage Company in 1944 (bk. 887, fols. 217-20). Expropriations, No. 1934, Sullivan Storage Company, July 1968. 22 HCCH, bk. 963, fols. 481-4, deeds of transfer, Sullivan Storage Company to Lawrence H. MacKenzie and Lawrence D. MacKenzie, 1947: bk. 1024, fols. 793-6, L. H. MacKenzie to L. D. MacKenzie, 1947; bk. 1027, fols. 637-40, L. D. MacKenzie to Cleveland Realty Corporation, 1949; bk. 1006, fols. 353-7, lease, Cleveland Realty Corporation to Donald C. Keddy, March 1949; bk. 1037, fols. 261-4, deed of transfer, same, July 1949; expropriations, No. 1933. Donald C. Keddy Ltd., July 1958. 23 HCCH, bk. 109, fols. 146-8, legal agreement, Enos Collins to William Clark, 1854. "Whereas . . . William Clark is in progress of erecting a new store against the north side of a stone store and building of the said Enos Collins which has been standing for thirty years on the line between there respective properties and the watershed the Northern side of which is towards the property of the said William Clark, "And Whereas a Cornice with spouts and conductors secured by Iron clamps or fastenings on the north side of said stone store . . . and along the whole extant thereof have been erected and maintained under and bejond [sic] the eaves of the roof thereof on that side ever since the erection of the said store reaching (?) bejond the northern side of the said Store and over and bejond the line of division between the said properties and over the property of the said William Clark and the said Enos Collins claims the right by user prescription and long occupation forever hereafter for himself and his heirs and assigns to maintain the said cornice spouts and conductors and others in their place with the necessary fastenings and to carry off the water from the northern roof or side of his said stone store or of any other building standing on the side [sic] thereof by cornice spouts and conductors projecting to the Northward of the line of division between the said properties. "Now these Presents Witness that . . . the said William Clark shall be permited to remove the said cornices spouts and conductors . . . from the eaves of the North roof of the said Enos Collins said building if it shall be necessary and only so far as maybe necessary to do so for enabling the said William Clark to carry up the southern side of his said new building under the said proposed roof . . . . and also that the same number and kinds of Skylights now in the north side of the roof of the said stone store . . . of the said Enos Collins and which will be covered in by the proposed roof aforesaid shall be made and put in on the south side of the roof of the said stone store . . . and that the costs of the whole work herein mentioned and whatever further maybe necessary to carry into effect the said objects shall be done exclusively by the said William Clark." Agreement was also made to ensure that if any future roof between the two buildings did not satisfy the needs of both structures, Collins' claimed tights should be recognized. 24 Interview: D.C. Keddy, 28 April 1972. Mr. Keddy observed the wall construction when the window on the southwest side of the building was changed to a loading door. 25 This was probably the warehouse portion of the building, Supreme Court, The Novascotian, 21 January 1830; Halifax police office notice, The Novascotian, 26 November 1829. 26 Letter written in 1906 by cashier of the Halifax Banking Company, quoted in Victor Ross, Bank of Commerce, p. 440. 27 Ibid. 26 Report of J. and J. Taylor Limited of Toronto, quoted in Victor Ross, Bank of Commerce, p. 439. 29 British Colonist, 1 September 1949. 30 HCCH, bk. 109, fols. 146-8, legal agreement, Collins to Clark, 1854. 31 Letter written in 1905 by cashier of the Halifax Banking Company, quoted in Victor Ross, Bank of Commerce, pp. 440-1. 32 Ibid. 33 Interview: D. C. Keddy, 28 April 1972. 34 "Upper Water Street Building is Damaged by Fire," The Halifax Chronicle, 26 December 1934, p. 12; "Home of Nova Scotia's First Bank Destroyed," Halifax Herald, 26 December 1934, p. 1; "Water front Fire Damage Fixed at $30,000," Halifax Daily Star, 26 December 1934, p. 5; "Waterfront Fire Brings Property Loss of $20,000," The Halifax Mail, 26 December 1934, p. 3. 35 Insurance Plan 1939-51, block 112, in possession of the Nova Scotia Board of Insurance underwriters. 36 Conversation: Mr. Sullivan. C. E. Choat & Co., 24 April 1972. 37 William H. Hill advertisement, The British Colonist, 1 November 1962: P. C. Hill advertisement, British Colonist and North American Railway Journal, 14 October 1951: Halifax, Annual Report, 1861-62, p. 16; Halifax Directory, 1863; Hutchinson's Directory, 1866-67; City Directory, 1869-70 to 1884-85 38 Interview: D. C. Keddy, 28 April 1972; Conversation: Mr. Creighton of Creightons Ltd., May 1972. 39 HCCH, bk. 1006, fols. 353-7, lease, Cleveland Realty Corporation to Donald C. Keddy, 1949. 40 Interview; D. C. Keddy, 28 April 1972. The demolition of the vault is described in Marion F. Moore, "Preservation," p. 64. Three or four cannon balls, lodged in hemispherical pockets cut into the granite slabs of which the vault was constructed, rendered it immoveable. 41 Letter written in 1905 by cashier of the Halifax Banking Company quoted in Victor Ross, Bank of Commerce, p. 441.
1 HCCH, bk. 39,1 4-19, deed of transfer and legal agreement, Charles R. Prescott and William Lawson to John Clark, 1810. 2 Notice of sales as auction by Charles Hill & Co., Acadian Recorder, 30 January, 3 April 1913; Collins & Allison advertisement, Acadian Recorder, 24 March 1921. 3 Collins & Allison advertisement, Acadian Recorder, 24 March—30 June, 1 September—3 November 1821; HCCH, release, Clark to Enos Collins, and deed of transfer, Collins to Clark, 1822. The deed of transfer from Prescott to Collins does not appear to have been registered, but the release and deed exchanged between Collins and Clark have been, probably in error instead, registered twice—in 1823 (bk. 47, fols. 303-6) and again in 1829 (bk. 51, fols. 369-73). The documents, drawn in November 1822, state that the property was then owned by Collins. 4 HCCH, bk. 47, fols. 303-6, release, Clark to Collins, and deed of transfer, Collins to Clark, 1822. 5 Although the title "Red Store" described a building at one time on part of this site, no evidence has been found to suggest that either the name or the colour to which it refers ever applied to the present building. Mr. Fisher of Pickford & Black Co. had not heard of such a title being attached to the structure. Interview: 9 May 1972. 6 PANS, Liverpool Business Records: Business Letterbook of the firm of Seely & Cough, 1827-33: Seely & Gough to Enos Collins, Liverpool, 3 and 22 July, 2 and 21 August 1930; 5 May 1831; 28 April 1832. Therein architectural evidence to suggest that this structure may originally have had only two storeys. 7 PANS, RG35-A, assessment books, Vol. 3 (1833, 1834); Edward Lawson advertisement, The Novascotian, 2 April 1934: E. Shortis advertisement, Acadian Recorder, 21 January 1832. 8 PAC, RG8, C1363, pp. 456-7 and 461, Mervyn Nugent AQMG to Deputy Commissary General, Halifax, 13 January 1962 and R. R. Pringle to Nugent, military store office, Halifax, 13 January 1862; ibid., C1366, p. 98, E. Pengelly to Nugent, 5 August 1863: p. 288, Nugent to Routh, 16 January 1964: ibid., C1369, p. 421, Collins to Pengelly, 13 August 1866, copies, PANS, RG35-A, assessment books, Vol. 4, (1862); City Directory, 1869-70; "Two Conflagrations," Acadian Recorder, 4 December 1916, p.3. 9 The measurements of the long wooden salt and fish store were given as "about" 130 ft. 4 in. by 36 ft. 4 in., HCCH, bk. 148, fols. 660-1, deeds of transfer, Enos Collins to J. and R. B. Seeton, 1865; bk. 180, fols. 39-41, B. H. Collins to J. and R. B. Seeton, 1872. 10 HCCH, bk. 205, fols. 450-3, deed of transfer, J. and R. B. Seeton to Robert Pickford and William A. Black, 1876. 11 City Directory, 1871-72 to 1879-80, 1882-83 to 1884-85, including Kandick advertisement, 1871-72; ibid., 1869-70 to 1885-86, including Ackhurst advertisement, 1869-70; Halifax, Annual Report, 1861-62, 1867-68, 1871-72, 1872-73. 12 City Directory, 1879-80 to 1884-86; "St. Andrew's Waterside Church Mission," The Church Guardian, 27 July 1879, 8 April 1880. 13 City Directory, 1877-78 to 1920; I. H. Mathers & Son, Daily Journals, passim. For a synopsis of Mathers interests, see "Isaac A. [sic] Mathers, Esq.," The Syren and Shipping (London, England), 17 September 1902, p. 94, and Supplement to The Paper-Maker and British Paper Trade Journal, 1 November 1902. 14 City Directory, 1880-81 to 1935; The Maritime Merchant, 1904-05, passim; "Two Conflagrations," The Acadian Recorder, 4 December 1916, p. 3. 15 City Directory, 1885-86 to 1910; MLAs of N.S. 16 City Directory, 1880-81 to 1935. 17 HCCH, expropriations, No. 1937, Pickford & Black, July 1968. 18 Except where otherwise noted, the analysis in this paragraph is based upon three photographs of the building in the late 19th or very early 20th century. None has been precisely dated, but all precede 1904 when the sail loft on the south side of the wharf was burned. See Figs. 30, 31 and 32. 19 "Destructive Fire in Office Building and Warehouse on Pickford and Black's Wharf Last Night," The Halifax Herald, 4 December 1916, p. 4. 20 "Two Conflagrations," The Acadian Recorder, 4 December 1916, p. 3; "Destructive Fire in Office Building and Warehouse on Pickford and Black's Wharf Last Night," The Halifax Herald, 4 December 1916, p. 4. 21 Ibid.; I. H. Mathers & Son, Daily Journal, 1 February 1917. 22 The Maritime Merchant, 28 July 1904, p. 102.
1 PAC, WO55/857, fol. 150, "Plan of the Wharfs and Buildings . . . now in the possession of R. Lester and R. Morrogh;" P. Ryan advertisement dated 11 October 1804, NSRG, 3 January 1805. 2 HCCH, bk. 39, fols. 14-16, deed of transfer, Charles Prescott and William Lawson to John Clark, 1810; John Clark advertisements, NSRG, 23 May, 20 June 1909. 3 For discussion of the early development of Clark's wharf, see "Privateer's Warehouse," paragraphs 2, 3 and 4. 4 James N. Shannon Jr. advertisements, Acadian Recorder, 24 April 1819, and The Free Press, 4 June 1822; J. Lyons & Co. advertisements, The Novascotian, 8, 15 November 1827; 7 July 1828; 18 April, 27 August, 11 November 1829; 22 April 1830, HCCH, bk. 77, fols. 115-20, assignment of mortgage of David and John Edward Starr (1 June 1840), E. F. Clark et al., executors of John Clark, to Enos Collins, 1844. 5 HCCH, bk. 109, fols. 146-8, legal agreement, Enos Collins to William Clark, 1854. 6 HCCH, bk. 119, fols. 525-27, mortgages, Clark to Collins, 1867, and bk. 118, fols. 638-40, 1959. The mortgages were £3,000 and £6,000 respectively: notice, The Royal Gazette, 7 September 1859, p. 284. 7 HCCH, bk. 127, fols. 246-7, deed of transfer, Louisa Sophia Clark to Robert W. Fraser, 1859, bk. 127, fol. 249, release of mortgage, Collins to Fraser, 1859; bk. 127, fols. 248-50, deed of transfer, Fraser to William Tart and William Chisholm, 1869; bk. 127, fols. 265-7, deed of transfer, Fraser to Jonathan C. and Charles Allison, 1859. 8 Halifax Directory, 1863; Hutchinson's Directory, 1866-67: City Directory, 1869-70 to 1873-74; for instance, see Edward Lawson's sales at auction for R. W. Fraser & Co. Acadian Recorder, 20 April 1861. 9 Halifax and Its Business: Containing Historical Sketch, and Description of the City and its institutions, Also Description of Different Lines of Business, with Account of the Leading Houses in Each Line (Halifax: Nova Scotia Publishing Co., 1876) (hereafter cited as Halifax and its Business), pp. 137-8, states that Esson & Co. removed to upper Water Street in 1868, but Hutchinson's Directory, 1866-67, already lists the firm in that location. The firm was established about 1830, Esson & Co. advertisement, City Directory, 1869-70 to 1875-76; Halifax and Its Business, pp. 137-8; Our Dominion, p. 102; "Esson & Co. Suspend," The Novascotian, 18 August 1888, p. 3; HCCH, bk. 224, fols. 477-80, deed of transfer, Fraser to William Esson, 1880. 10 HCCH, bk. 266, fols. 146-60, deed of assignment, William Esson and Alexander Anderson (Esson & Co.) to Isaac H. Mathers and Brook W. Chipman, 1888. Mathers office was situated in the Red Store on the adjoining wharf, Advertisement of assignees' sale, Halifax Acadian Recorder, 7 September 1988. 11 Advertisement of assignees' sale, Halifax Acadian Recorder, 7 September 1988. William Robertson purchased the building for $16,450 which was $6,050 less than Esson had paid for it in 1880. Robertson apparently acted as agent for Chipman in the transaction. Notice of sale, The Novascotian, 15 September 1888; HCCH, bk. 224, fols. 477-80, deeds of transfer, Fraser to Esson, 1880; bk. 268, fols. 778-80, Mathers and Chipman, assignees of Esson & Co., to James A. Chipman, 1888; City Directory, 1889-90 to 1902-03. 12 HCCH, bk. 323, fols. 27-29, deed of transfer, Chipman to James Adams and Ingraham B. Shaffner, 1897; Who's Who in Canada, 1917-18; The City of Halifax, pp. 85-6. 13 City of Halifax, pp. 85-6; I. B. Shaffner & Company advertisements, The Maritime Merchant, 1904-05. Shaffner was a sufficiently important figure to rank entry in Who's Who in Canada, 1917-18 to 1921. 14 HCCH, bk. 494, fols. 77-80, deed of transfer, Shaffner to George H. Hooper, 1917. 15 HCCH, bk. 482, fols. 789-91, deed of transfer, Hooper to J. B. Mitchell, 1919; City Directory, 1919-24, 1931; "Upper Water Street Building is Damaged by Fire," The Halifax Chronicle, 26 December 1934, p. 12. 16 HCCH, bk. 759, fols. 409-12, deed of transfer, Rose Mitchell to Joseph Simon, 1937; expropriations, No. 1936, Joseph Simon, 1968. 17 HCCH, bk. 224, fols. 477-80, deed of transfer, Fraser to Esson, 1880. 18 HCCH, bk. 109, fols. 146-8, legal agreement, Enos Collins to William Clark, 1854, "Whereas . . . William Clark is in progress of erecting a new store against the north side of a stone store and building of the said Enos Collins, . . . "Now these Presents Witness that the said William Clark has proposed and it is hereby agreed by and between the said parties that the North side of the roof of the said New Building of the said William Clark now in progress and the south side of the roof of the said Stone Building or store of the said Enos Collins shall be united by a crowning roof thrown from the ridge of the one to the ridge of the other whereby the only watersheds required will be from the roof on the North side of the said William Clarks said buildings upon his own property and from the roof on the south side of the said Enos Collins said building upon his own property according to the plan hereunto annexed . . . and it is agreed as aforesaid that the hip roof on the western side of the stone Store be well and sufficiently united with a corresponding high roof to be made by the said William Clark on the west side of his said New Building and brought over to connect with the hip roof on the said store of the said Enos Collins and that the roofs of the eastern side be also securely united and that the roofs of the said William Clark be covered with slate except that the crowning roof be well and securely covered with zinc and that every thing be done necessary to secure and make tight the roofs of the said buildings of the said Enos Collins." See Fig. 41. 19 Unfortunately, Esson & Co.'s papers appear to have been destroyed in Halifax a number of years ago. Nevertheless, because of the firm's probable remodelling of the building and because of as long and prominent association with it as well as with business development in Halifax, the name of Esson & Co. should be more prominently associated with the building than has been the case in the past. Alternatively, the structure might be styled after its builder, Clark. or after as important early 20th-century owner, Shaffner. Such as alteration in titling would be more consistent with the 19th-century nomenclature common to the other historic buildings of the complex than its present 20th-century identification. 20 Unless otherwise indicated the analysis in the following three paragraphs is based upon a sketch of the building ca. 1887 (Fig. 42) and a photograph of the same ca. 1909 (Fig. 43). 21 "Upper Water Street Building Damaged by Fire," The Halifax Chronicle, 26 December 1934, p. 12. 22 Ibid.; "Home of Nova Scotia's First Bank Destroyed," Halifax Herald, 26 December 1934, p. 1; cf. "Waterfront Fire Damage Fixed at $30,000," Halifax Daily Star, 26 December 1934, p. 5; "Water front Fire Brings Property Loss of 920,000," The Halifax Mail, 26 December 1934, p. 3. 23 Conversation with Mr. Joseph Simon, May 1972. Mr. Simon described the window panels removed as ca. 15 in. wide, beginning ca. 4 ft. from the floor and extending to ca. 10 in. from the ceiling. These alterations appear to have been done in 1942, EDHCH, Building Permit Registers, Vol. 3, 4 November 1942, permit issued to Joseph Simon for "repairs," No. 28026. 24 Conversation with Mr. Simon, May 1972. 25 "Waterfront Buildings of Halifax, Nova Scotia," Peter John Stokes, Consulting Restoration Architect, Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada, Agenda Paper 1963-18, p. 128; conversation with Mr. Simon, May 1972.
1 Charles Hill advertisements, NSRG, 14 May, 17 September, 3 December 1901; PAC WO55/857, fol. 150, "Plan of the Wharfs and Buildings . . . now in the possession of R. Lester and R. Morrogh; P. Ryan advertisement dated 11 October 1804, NSRG, 3 January 1806. 2 PAC, WO55/857, fols. 161-6, 303-4, 363-4, 83, 84, Fenwick to Rowley, Halifax, 24 December 1903, enclosing Fenwick to R. Lester, engineer's office, Halifax, 13 December 1903, copy; Fenwick to Lt. Gen. Morse, inspector general of works and fortifications, Halifax, 30 January 1805; R. H. Crew, secretary to the Board of Ordnance, to Morse, Office of Ordnance (London), 3 September 1806: Fenwick to Morse, Halifax, 19 September 1905; Fenwick to Rowley, Halifax, 19 September 1903. 3 Fig. 9 is repealed in WO44/88, fol. 343 (1817), WO55/861, fol. 278 (1917), WO44/91, fol. 361 (1819), and WO55/861, fol. 52 (1919). Thereafter the Ordnance department at Halifax seems to have given up the practice of showing adjoining property on their plans of the Ordnance Yard, "Editorial," The Novascotian, 6 July 1831. 4 PAC, WO44/88, fol. 343, Plan of the Ordnance Yard, 9 October 1917, signed W. Gregory, Lt. CR6; WO44/88, fols. 74-5, agreement between Philip Roberts, ordnance storekeeper, and John Clarke, carpenter, 31 October 1811; WO44/82, fol. 43, John Mudge, clerk of the cheque, to The Principal Officers of HM's Ordnance, Pall Mall, London, Office of Ordnance, Halifax, 5 May 1913; WO44/88, fol. 137, George Barton, ordnance storekeeper, to R. H. Crew, Office of Ordnance, Halifax, 23 April 1818. 5 T. B. Akins, "Halifax City," p. 177; George Grassie & Co. advertisement, Acadian Recorder, 11 January 1817. 6 PAC, MG23, Cl, Diary of Simeon Perkins of Liverpool, 10 October 1906, typescript, Vol. 6, p. 148; PANS, MG1, Akins Collection, Family papers, Insurance Journals of Thomas Akins, Vol. 1, 16 February, and 10 May, 22 June 180; 16 April, 24 and 31 May 1806; 13 July 1807: HCCH, bk. 37, fol. 261, deed of transfer, Robert Lester and Robert Morrogh to Charles R. Prescott and William Lawson, 1806. 7 Mrs. Ann Bell advertisement, NSRG, 20 February 1810; Prescott & Lawson notice, NSRG, 3 January 1809; E. Collins advertisement, The Halifax Journal, 10 June 1811; Prescott, Lawson & Co. notice, NSRG, 6 November 1811, 15 January 1812; HCCH, bk. 39, fols. 346-6, deed of transfer, Prescott to Collins, 1811. 8 Enos Collins and Joseph Allison advertisement of sale of Prize Vessels and their cargoes, captured by the privateers Sir John Sherbrooke and Liverpool Packet, Acadian Recorder, 24 April 1913; J. S. Martell, "Halifax during and after the War of 1812," The Dalhousie Review, Vol. 23 (1943-44), p. 291; Janet E. Mullins, "The Liverpool Packet," The Dalhousie Review, Vol. 14 (1934-36), pp. 193-202; Joseph Schul, "The Black Joke," Weekend Magazine, Vol. 8, Nos. 30 and 31, 1958; PANS vert. file S Ships (2), No. 26; C. H. J. Snider, under the Red Jack, Privateers of the Maritime Provinces of Canada in the War of 1812 (Toronto, 1928), pp. 7-52. 9 HCCH, bk. 39, fols. 14-16, deed of transfer, Prescott and Lawson to John Clark, 1810; J. Clark advertisements, NSRG, 23 May and 20 June 1809. 10 HCCH, bk. 47, fols. 303-6, legal agreement, John Clark to Enos Collins, 1822; notice, Acadian Recorder, 12 May 1921; Victor Ross, Bank of Commerce, Vol. 1. App. III, p. 430; suction notices, The Free Press, 15 February, 7 March, 4 April 1820; John Clark advertisements, Acadian Recorder, 6 January 1821, 6 April 1922; The Novascotian, 20 December 1827; 14 February, 17 April 1829; 28 October 1829; "Shipping Intelligence," The Novascotian, 1829 and 1830, passim. 11 PANS, MG1, No. 221, Paysant & King papers, Last Will and Testament of John Clark, probated 10 October 1838, copy; Geo. R. Starr advertisements, British Colonist and North American Railway Journal, 27 September, 3 October, 27 November 1851; 27 October 1853; 11 March 1858; Nugent's Directory, 1858-59. 12 PANS, MG1, No. 221, Last Will and Testament of John Clark, For discussion of the transfer of the property in 1859, see "Simon's Building," paragraph 3: HCCH, bk. 127, fols. 248-50, Fraser to William Tarr and William Chisholm, 1869: Halifax Directory, 1863. This portion of the property has not been subsequently divided: HCCH, bk. 139, fols. 235-9, assignment of equity of redemption, William Tarr et al. to Enos Collins, 1862: bk. 148, fols. 151-3, deed of transfer, Enos Collins to George C. Harvey, 1864; City Directory, 1869-70. 13 City Directory, 1869-70 to 1882-83: HCCH, bk. 259, fols. 604-9, mortgage, George C. Harvey "of Kenwood, Huntingdon Valley, Pennsylvania," to John T. Spencer, 1886. 14 City Directory, 1887-88 to 1904-05; HCCH, bk. 364, fols. 724-8, deed of transfer, A. J. M. Harvey to Margaret E. Wood, 1904: City Directory, 1894-96 to 1930, and see Figs. 17, 18. 16 HCCH, bk. 820, fols. 388-91, deed of transfer, G. M. Wood to C. J. Burke, 1941: Insurance Plan 1939-51, block 112, in possession of the Nova Scotia Board of Insurance Underwriters; HCCH, bk. 1806, fols. 544-6, deed of transfer, Mary C. Burke to the City of Halifax, 1962. 16 The "Panoramic View of the City of Halifax Nova Scotia 1879" (Fig. 23) incorrectly shows six apertures on each floor. 17 Architectural Investigation. For construction of the structure adjoining to the west, see "Simon's Building."
1 For history of the wharf prior to 1859, see "Privateer's Warehouse," HCCH, bk. 127, fols. 248-9, deed of transfer, R. W. Fraser to William Tarr and William Chisholm, 1859: bk. 127, fols. 260-6, mortgage, Tarr and Chisholm to Enos Collins, 1860: bk. 139, fols. 236-9, release of equity of redemption, Tarr et al. to Collins, 1862: Halifax Directory, 1883. 2 HCCH, bk. 148, fols. 161-3, deed of transfer, Collins to George C. Harvey, 1864. 3 The overlaying of Figs. 10-14 which revealed the presence of this structure by 1830 fails to confirm conjectures that the existing storehouse east of the Privateer's Warehouse may have been the building depicted on the site by the late 1850s. 4 City Directory, 1869-70 to 1882-83; 1877-1935: HCCH. bk. 364, fols. 724-8, deed of transfer, Alexander John McRae Harvey, executor of George C. Harvey, to Margaret E. Wood, wife of Joseph Wood, 1904: bk. 820, fols. 388-91, deed of transfer, George Mackenzie Wood to Cyril J. Burke, 1941. 5 HCCH, bk. 820, fols. 388-91, Wood to Burke, 1941. 6 HCCH, bk. 1806, fols. 644-6, deed of transfer, Mary C. Burke to the City of Halifax, 1962. 7 Observation, accompanied by Mr. John Bigelow of Halifax; Wood Analysis Report by Canadian Forestry Association, Eastern Forest Products Laboratory. 8 For discussion of the apertures in this wall, see "Privateer's Warehouse." 9 Because of such obvious errors as the omission of the wall of the Ordnance Yard on the north side of the Central Wharf, the "Panoramic View of the City of Halifax Nova Scotia 1879" (Fig. 23) should be used with caution where other evidence does not exist to confirm the information contained in it. 10 A Department of National Defence photograph taken in 1944 shows the dormers still in place; National Air Photo Library, Ottawa (REA 263/6), EDHCH, Building Permit Registers, Vol. 3, 17 October 1946, permit issued to C. J. Burke & Company, No. 30662 and Vol. 4, 14 May 1946, permit issued to C.J. Burke & Company for "repairs to Chimney," No. 31318.
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